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OB 2 > Chapter 29: Normal and Abnormal Fetal Limbs > Flashcards

Chapter 29: Normal and Abnormal Fetal Limbs Flashcards

1
Q

shortening of the most distal portion of a fetal limnb

A

acromelia

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2
Q

abnormal shortening of the middle portion of a limb

A

mesomelia

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3
Q

abnormally short limb

A

micromelia

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4
Q

flattened vertebral bodies with a decreased distance between the end plates

A

platyspondyly

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5
Q

condition of having more than the normal number of digits on a hand or foot

A

polydatyly

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6
Q

shortening of the most proximal portion of a fetal limb

A

rhizomelia

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7
Q

fusion of soft tissue or bony segments of fetal digits

A

syndatyly

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8
Q

abnormal position of the fetal foot and ankle

A

talipes

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9
Q

Achondrogenesis is ______ dominant. (limb shortening)

A

micromelia

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10
Q

Achondroplasia is _____ dominant. (limb shortening)

A

rhizomelia

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11
Q

Asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia is _____ dominant. (limb shortening)

A

mesomelia

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12
Q

Camptomelic dysplasia is _____ dominant. (limb shortening)

A

mesomelia, rhizomelia

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13
Q

Congenital hypophosphatasia is _____ dominant. (limb shortening)

A

micromelia

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14
Q

Ellis-van Creveld is ______ dominant. (limb shortening)

A

rhizomelia

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15
Q

Hypophosphatasia is ______ dominant. (limb shortening)

A

micromelia

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16
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta is _______ dominant. (limb shortening)

A

micromelia

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17
Q

Short-rib polydatcyly is ______ dominant. (limb shortening)

A

micromelia

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18
Q

Thanatophoric dysplasia is _____ dominant. (limb shortening)

A

micromelia

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19
Q

Skeletal dysplasias associated with curved or bowed long bones

A

camptomelic dysplasia
hypophosphatasia
osteogenesis imperfecta
thanatophoric dysplasia

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20
Q

skeletal dysplasias associated with hypomineralization

A

achondrogenesis
camptomelic dysplasia
hypophosphatasia
osteogenesis imperfecta
short-rib polydactyly syndrome
thanatophoric dysplasia

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21
Q

skeletal dysplasias associated with narrow thorax

A

achondrogenesis type I
achondroplasia
asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia
camptomelic dysplasia
short rib polydatyly syndrome
thanatorphic syndrome

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22
Q

Skeletal dysplasias associated with polydactyly

A

asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome
short rib polydactyly syndrome
VACTERL association

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23
Q

Skeletal dysplasias associated with radial aplasia or hypoplasia

A

Holt-Oram syndrome
Thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome
VACTERL association

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24
Q

Skeletal dysplasias associated with bone fractures

A

achondrogenesis
hypophosphatasia
osteogenesis imperfecta

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25
Q

Skeletal dysplasias associated with heart disease

A

Asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia
Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome
Holt-Oram syndrome
Short-rib polydactyly syndrome
VACTERL association

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26
Q

Skeletal dysplasias associated with macrocephaly

A

achondroplasia
camptomelic dysplasia
thanatorphic dysplasia

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27
Q

Anomalies associated with thanatorphic dwarfism

A

hypomineralization
macrocephaly
frontal bossing
narrow thorax

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28
Q

Anomalies associated with Achondroplasia

A

macrocephaly
hydrocephaly
frontal bossing
narrow thorax

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29
Q

Anomalies associated with achondrogenesis

A

hypomineralization
narrow thorax
bone fractures
micromelia
micrognathia

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30
Q

Anomalies associated with short rib polydactyly syndrome

A

narrow thorax
hypomineralization
poldactyly or syndactyly
gastrointestinal/genital/urogenital malformations
cleft lip/palate

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31
Q

Anomalies associated with asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia

A

narrow thorax
polydactyly
pelvic/renal anomalies

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32
Q

anomalies associated with Ellis-van Creveld syndrome

A

polydactyly
short limbs
narrow thorax
heart malformations
dysplastic nails/teeth
abnormal upper lip

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33
Q

anomalies associated with osteogenesis imperfecta

A

curved or bowel long bones
hypomineralization
bone fractures
bell-shaped thorax

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34
Q

anomalies associated with camptomelic dysplasia

A

curved or bowed long bones
hypomineralization
macrocephaly
bell-shaped thorax
micrognathia
hydrocephalus
cleft palate
pyelectasis
hypoplastic scapulae

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35
Q

anomalies associated with congenital hypophosphatasia

A

hypomineralization
curved or bowed long bones
short bones

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36
Q

anomalies associated with dystosis

A

abnormal ossification
craniofacial dystosis
syndactyly

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37
Q

Fetal limb buds visualize as early as ___ weeks with endovaginal ultrasound

A

8

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38
Q

The long bones fully develop between ___-____ weeks

A

7-12

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39
Q

Primary ossification centers image at ___ weeks

A

10

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40
Q

The bones in the hand and feet are developed between the __ and ___ weeks

A

11-13

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41
Q

Movement of limbs and terminal phalanges can be visualized at __ weeks

A

11

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42
Q

The femur, humerus, radius, ulna, tibia, and fibula can be accurately measured at ___ weeks.

A

12

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43
Q

The high amplitude reflection of bone is generated by the _____ content.

A

calcium

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44
Q

epiphyes

A

secondary ossification centers

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45
Q

The epiphyes are separated from the shaft of the fetal long bone by a layer of ______

A

cartilage

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46
Q

The distal femoral epiphyes is visualized between __ and __ weeks

A

32, 34

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47
Q

The proximal tibial epiphysis is visualized at approximately ___-__ weeks

A

34, 35

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48
Q

The proximal humeral epiphyses is visualized at ____

A

term

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49
Q

Ossification during second trimester includes the bones:

A

metacarpals, phalanges, talus, calcaneus, pubis of ankle

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50
Q

After birth ossification bones include:

A

carpal and tarsal bones

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51
Q

most commonly measured long bone

A

femur

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52
Q

The femur should look ____, _____, and _______.

A

straight
symmetrical
evenly ossified

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53
Q

The femur has a straight appearance _____, and a bowed appearance _____.

A

laterally
medially

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54
Q

The femur should be measured from outer margin to outer margin with the junction of the bone and cartilage excluding _____ and ____.

A

femoral head
distal epiphyses

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55
Q

The femur grows approximately __ mm from 14-27 weeks

A

3

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56
Q

The femur grows approximately __ mm from third trimester to term.

A

1

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57
Q

The accuracy of the femur bone measurement in the second trimester is:

A

+/- 1 week

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58
Q

The accuracy of the femur bone measurement in the third trimester is:

A

+/- 3.5 weeks

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59
Q

Femoral length varies with:

A

maternal height, weight, ethnicity

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60
Q

The femur and the _____ visualize the same on sonographic imaging.

A

humerus

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61
Q

The tibia is ____ and oriented _____.

A

thicker
medially

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62
Q

The ulna is longer than the _____

A

radius

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63
Q

The fetal hand should be identified in ____ and _____.

A

flexion and extension

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64
Q

abnormal development of cartilaginous and osseus tissues; results in bones that appear shortened, thin, deformed, fail to form at all

A

skeletal dysplasias

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65
Q

sharp angulations in midshaft of bone

A

fracture

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66
Q

bones that appear thin or unevenly mineralized

A

abnormal skeletal mineralization

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67
Q

proximal portion of extremity shortened i.e. humerus, femur

A

rhizomelia

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68
Q

shortening of middle or intermediate segment of extremity, i.e. radius, ulna, fibula, tibia

A

mesomelias

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69
Q

shortening of distal portion of an extremity, i.e. hands and feet bones

A

acromelia

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70
Q

shortening of entire extremity

A

micromelia

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71
Q

disorder defined as premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures

A

craniosynostosis

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72
Q

Craniosynostosis is caused by:

A

external forces

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73
Q

Most severe form of craniosynostosis

A

Kleeblattschadel or cloverleaf deformity

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74
Q

Craniosynostosis can be associated with:

A

thanatorphoric dysplasia

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75
Q

abnormally small lower jaw, abnormally shaped ears, frontal bossing

A

micrognathia

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76
Q

Lethal skeletal dysplasias are often accompanied by:

A

pulmonary hypoplasia

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77
Q

reduction in number of airways, lung cells, and alveoli

A

pulmonary hypoplasia

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78
Q

Most common sonographic appearance of pulmonary hypoplasia

A

bell-shaped narrow thorax

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79
Q

FL/AC of less than 0.16 or a TC/AC of less than 0.79 indicates:

A

hyperplastic thorax

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80
Q

most common form of lethal skeletal dysplasia

A

thanatorphic dysplasia

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81
Q

Thanatophoric dysplasia is transmitted ______ fashion by mutations of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3

A

autosomal dominant

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82
Q

Type __ thanatorphic dysplasia is the most common

A

I

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83
Q

extreme rhizomelia, bowed long bones with a “telephone receiver” appearance, normal trunk length, platyspondyly, and frontal bossing

A

Type I thanatorphic dysplasia

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84
Q

straighter long bones, taller vertebral bodies, cloverleaf skull

A

Type II thanatorphic dysplasia

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85
Q

Narrow thorax with a protruding abdomen in thanatorphic dysplasia is said to have a _____ appearance

A

champagne cork

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86
Q

most common nonlethal type of dwarfism

A

achondroplasia

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87
Q

Achondroplasia is inherited in a _______ fashion caused by spontaneous mutation in the FGFR3 gene.

A

autosomal dominant

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88
Q

Characteristic features of achondroplasia:

A

rhizomelic limb bowing
frontal bossing
low nasal bridge
trident hand

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89
Q

increased space between third and fourth digits

A

trident hand

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90
Q

Type I achondrogenesis known as _________.

A

Parenti-Fraccaro

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91
Q

Achondrogenesis is inherited in a _______ fashion

A

autosomal recessive

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92
Q

Parenti-Fraccaro achondrogenesis is characterized by:

A

extreme micromelia
large head
short and thin ribs that may have fractures
poor ossification of skull, spine, and pelvic bones

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93
Q

Type II achondrogenesis is known as ______.

A

Langer Saldino

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94
Q

Type II achondrogenesis Langer-Saldino is inherited in a _______ fashion

A

autosomal dominant

95
Q

Type II Langer-Saldino is characterized by:

A

prominent forehead
flat face with micrognathia
absence of rib fractures
less severe mineralization
less severe micromelia

96
Q

Short tib polydactyly syndrome is inherited in a _____ fashion

A

autosomal recessive

97
Q

short rib polydactyly syndrome is characterized by:

A

micromelic dwarfism
short and horizontal ribs
narrow thorax
polydactyly

98
Q

3 types of short rib polydactyly syndrome

A

Saldino-Noonan (type I)
Majewki (type II)
Naumoff (type III)

99
Q

Fetuses affected by short rib polydactyly syndrome die within a few hours after birth due to _____

A

pulmonary hypoplasia

100
Q

Asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia is also referred to as

A

Jeune Syndrome

101
Q

Asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia is inherited in a _______ fashion.

A

autosomal recessive

102
Q

Asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia is characterized by:

A

extremely narrow thorax
rhizomelic limbs
polydactyly
pelic and renal anomalies

103
Q

Ellis-van Creveld syndrome is also referred to as:

A

chondroectodermal dysplasia

104
Q

Ellis-van Creveld syndrome is inherited in a ______ fashion.

A

autosomal recessive

105
Q

This syndrome is frequently found in communities where inbreeding is prominent

A

Ellis-van Creveld

106
Q

Ellis-van Creveld is characterized by:

A

short limbs
short ribs
narrow thorax
polydactyly
dysplastic nails and teeth
abnormalities of upper lip
congenital heart disease

107
Q

rare, inheritable connective tissue disorder

A

osteogenesis imperfecta

108
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta is caused by defects in _____ quality or quanity

A

type I collagen

109
Q

decreased mineralization of bone and bone fragility

A

osteogenesis imperfecta

110
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta is characterized by:

A

long bone and rib fractures
extraskeletal abnormalities (blue sclera, hearing impairment)

111
Q

abnormal decrease in quantity of collagen produced, milder forms, autosomal dominant pattern, femoral bowing sonographically in utero, usually of normal stature

A

Type I osteogenesis imperfecta

112
Q

Most severe form of osteogenesis imperfecta

A

Type II

113
Q

autosomal recessive, characterized by reduced echogenicity of long bones, concave ribs from rib fractures, long bones may appear thickened and angulated, thorax bell-shaped appearance, skull lacks ossification,

A

type II osteogenesis imperfecta

114
Q

autosomal dominant or recessive, limb bowing in utero, multiple fractures at birth that lead to progressive bone deformities through adolescence,

A

Type III osteogenesis imperfecta

115
Q

mildest form, does not present until later in life, autosomal dominant, short stature, premature osteoporosis later in life

A

Type IV osteogenesis imperfecta

116
Q

rare form of short-limbed dwarfismn

A

camptomelic dysplasia

117
Q

Camptomelic dysplasia is inherited in a ______ fashion caused by a mutation in the SOX9 gene

A

autosomal dominant

118
Q

Camptomelic dysplasia is characterized by:

A

short and bowed limbs
short trunk
large head
bell-shaped chest

119
Q

rare inherited disease of defective bone mineralization

A

congenital hypophosphatasia

120
Q

Congenital hypophosphatasia is characterized by:

A

low or absent tissue- nonspecific alkaline phophatase

121
Q

Type I congenital hypophosphatasia is inherited in a ______ fasion

A

autosomal recessive

122
Q

Type I congenital hypophophatasia is characterized by:

A

overall reduction in ossification
short, bent bones
skull easily compressed
spurs along midshaft or long bones, knees, elbows
lethal

123
Q

Type II congenital hypophophatasia is inherited in a _______ fashion

A

autosomal dominant

124
Q

Type ___ congenital hypophosphatasia can be visualized prenatally while type __ congenital hypophosphatasia is not detected until later in life.

A

I
II

125
Q

any condition characterized by abnormal ossification

A

dystosis

126
Q

widening of the cranial fontanelles with an increase in the lateral aspect of the cranium

A

cleidocranial dystosis

127
Q

Cleidocranial dystosis is associated with:

A

hypoplastic clavicles
spinal abnormalities
hypoplastic middle and distal phalanges

128
Q

Craniofacial dystoses is commonly associated with _____

A

craniosynostosis

129
Q

Apert syndrome is characterized by:

A

craniosynostosis
midfacial hypoplasia
bilateral syndactyly

130
Q

bilateral syndactyly is also known as _____

A

mitten hand

131
Q

A persistently clenched hand with overlapping index finger is commonly associated with _____

A

trisomy 18

132
Q

Trident hand is characteristically found in:

A

achondroplasia

133
Q

presence of extra digits on hands or feet

A

polydactyly

134
Q

One of the most common hand anomalies

A

polydactyly

135
Q

Preaxial polydactyly

A

radial (thumb) side

136
Q

Postaxial polydactyly

A

ulnar (little finger) side

137
Q

Central polydactyly

A

three central digits

138
Q

Most commonly encountered polydactyly

A

postaxial polydactyly

139
Q

Least commonly encountered polydactyly

A

central polydactyly

140
Q

congenital absence or incomplete development of one or more limbs or segments of limbs

A

limb reduction abnormality

141
Q

absence of a bone

A

aplasia

142
Q

absence of one or more limbs

A

hypoplasia

143
Q

absence of one or more limbs

A

amelia

144
Q

absence of one or more extremities below the elbow or knee

A

hemimelia

145
Q

absence of one or more hands

A

acheira

146
Q

absence of one or more feet

A

apodia

147
Q

absence of one or more digits

A

adactyly

148
Q

absence of the proximal portion of an extremity with hand or feet attached to the trunk

A

phocomelia

149
Q

absence of part of a limb

A

meromelia

150
Q

Holt-Oram syndrome is inherited in an _______ fashion

A

autosomal dominant

151
Q

Holt-Oram syndrome is characterized by:

A

skeletal and cardiac abnormalities

152
Q

Holt-Oram mainly affects the ___ limbs

A

upper

153
Q

thumb includes three phalanges instead of two

A

triphalangeal thumb

154
Q

Most common cardiac defect seen with Holt-Oram syndrome

A

atrial septal defect

155
Q

Thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome is inherited in an _____ fashion

A

autosomal recessive

156
Q

associated with decreased platelets

A

thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome

157
Q

bilaterally absent radii but with five fully formed digits

A

thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome

158
Q

Thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome is often associated with:

A

congenital heart disease

159
Q

combination of associated defects: vertebral, anorectal, cardiac, trachesophogeal, renal, limb

A

VACTERL association

160
Q

VACTERL

A

vertebral
anorectal
cardiac
tracheoesophageal
renal
limb

161
Q

at least ___ abnormalities need to be present to be considered a VACTERL association

A

3

162
Q

Club foot is also known as:

A

talipes

163
Q

fetal foot being excessively medially deviated so that the bone of the foot lies in the same plane as the lower leg

A

clubfoot

164
Q

Club foot is commonly seen as deformation caused by:

A

fetal movement restriction

165
Q

group of fetal abnormalities that range from constriction rings and edema of the digits to multiple, complex anomalies of different portions of the fetal body

A

amniotic band sequence

166
Q

Sonographic appearance of bands

A

linear density
attached from one uterine wall to another or attached from uterine wall to a fetal part

167
Q

mermaid syndrome

A

sirenomelia

168
Q

Sirenomelia is associated with:

A

maternal diabetes
monozygotic twinning
maternal cocaine use

169
Q

fusion of both lower extremities

A

sirenomelia

170
Q

Sirenomelia is thought to be caused by:

A

vascular steal phenomenonp

171
Q

persistent vessel from an early embryonic vascular system that diverts blood flow, causing severe ischemia of caudal portion of fetus

A

vascular steal phenomenon

172
Q

partial or complete agenesis of the sacrum, lumbar, vertebrae, distal spinal cord, and lack of growth of caudal region

A

caudal regression syndrome

173
Q

Maternal conditions associated with limb abnormalities

A

maternal disease
medications
substance abuse
exposure to radiation or industrial chemicals

174
Q

Limb measurements below the 10th percentile are associated with:

A

IUGR
fetal alcohol syndrome
illicit drug abuse
congenital or chromosomal abnormality

175
Q

Environmental factors of the fetus that can cause limb anormalities

A

oligiohydramnios
uterine tumors
Mullerian anomalies

176
Q

Mothers with insulin-dependent diabetes are at a higher risk for having a fetus with:

A

caudal regression syndrome

177
Q

Mothers who have hyperthyroidism are at a higher risk for having a fetus with:

A

craniosynostosis

178
Q

Thalidomide (an anti-nausea medication) can cause:

A

phocomelia

179
Q

Warfarin can cause:

A

craniosynostosis

180
Q

Primary ossification centers of the limbs image as early as __ weeks

A

10

181
Q

Long bone epiphysis visualize by __ weeks, helping in determination of fetal maturity.

A

35

182
Q

On average, the fetal femur grows __ mm a week up to week 27, slowing to __ mm a week for the rest of gestation.

A

3
1

183
Q

_____ occur with other, often fatal fetal anomalies

A

skeletal dysplasias

184
Q

The autosomal dominant ______ results in an individual with a large head, bowed limbs, trident hands, and a low nasal bridge

A

achondroplasia

185
Q

All three types of the lethal ______ syndrome include findings of a narrow thorax, polydactyly, short, horizontal ribs, micromelic dwarfism, and pulmonary hypoplasia

A

short rib polydactyly syndrome

186
Q

A fetus with an extremely narrow thorax, rhizomelic limbs, polydactyly, and pelvic and renal anomalies describes:

A

asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia

187
Q

Short limbs, short ribs, and a narrow thorax, polydactyly, dysplastic nails and teeth, abnormalities of the upper lip and congenital heart disease describe:

A

Ellis-van Creveld syndrome

188
Q

Prenatal bone bowing and fractures describes characteristics of:

A

osteogenesis imperfecta

189
Q

Short and bowed limbs, a short trunk, a large head, and a bell-shaped chest desribe a type of dwarfism called:

A

camptomelic dysplasia

190
Q

The main characteristic of congenital hypophosphatasia is:

A

a lack of bone mineralization

191
Q

Apert syndrome is a form of _____

A

dystosis

192
Q

Fusion of the lower extremities is the result of a vascular steal phenomenon and is part of _____

A

sirenomelia

193
Q

Between 32 and 35 weeks, the epiphyseal region of the _____ can be seen sonographically

A

femur

194
Q

The normal fetal hand should be visualized in:

A

flexion and extension

195
Q

A short limb dysplasia affecting the humerus is:

A

rhizomelia

196
Q

Shortening of the entire limb is known as:

A

micromelia

197
Q

Micrognathia is:

A

an abnormally small lower jaw

198
Q

A type of skeletal dysplasia demonstrating sonographically as a narrow bell-shaped thorax is most likely:

A

pulmonary hypoplasia

199
Q

Characteristics of rhizomelic limb bowing, frontal bossing, a low nasal bridge, a “trident” configuration of the hand with possible macrocephaly, and hydrocephaly may be noted in:

A

achondroplasia

200
Q

Select the syndrome with the best prognosis for living into adulthood
a. asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia
b. thanatophoric dysplasia
c. achondrogenesis
d. ellis van creveld syndrome

A

d

201
Q

Central polydactyly affects the:

A

three middle digits of the hand

202
Q

The absence of one or more hands:

A

acheiria

203
Q

Holt-Oran syndrome demonstrates abnormalities of the skeletal system and:

A

cardiac system

204
Q

Amniotic band sequence is believed to be related to:

A

polydactyly

205
Q

The “mermaid syndrome” is rare and lethal and also known as

A

sirenomelia

206
Q

Fetal hands and feet anomalies include all but:
a. extra fingers
b. clubbing
c. ischemia
d. finger reduction

A

c

207
Q

Congenital hypophophatasia is an inherited disease related to:

A

defective bone mineralization

208
Q

Maternal hyperthyroidism contributes to:

A

craniosynostosis

209
Q

What is the most likely cause of digit and limb amputation?

A

amniotic bands

210
Q

The most common cause of skeletal deformities is:

A

toxic agents

211
Q

Polyhydramnios is common in all except:
a. camptomelic dysplasia
b. TD
c. short rib-polydatyly syndrome
d. achondroplasia

A

d

212
Q

Select the thickest extremity long bone
a. tibia
b. ulna
c. fibula
d. radius

A

a

213
Q

An amniotic sheet appears as a membranous pillar within the amniotic fluid and is characterized by a ______ that projects into the amniotic cavity.

A

free edge

214
Q

Primary ossification centers of limbs are visualized at ___ weeks.

A

10

215
Q

Long bone epiphysis visualizes by __ weeks, helping in determination of fetal maturity.

A

35

216
Q

Skeletal dysplasia is the abnormal development of the ______ and osseus tissues.

A

cartaliginous

217
Q

The premature fusion of one or several cranial sutures is ______

A

craniosynostosis

218
Q

_____ is a condition characterized by abnormal ossification.

A

Dystosis

219
Q

A dysplasia with an extremely poor prognosis owing to respiratory complications from hypoplastic lungs and micrognathia is ______

A

camptomelic dysplasia

220
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta is rare, inheritable, and related to defects in _____ quality or quantity.

A

type I collagen

221
Q

Meromelia is a(n) ______ or part of a limb

A

absence

222
Q

A fetal forearm with an absent radius is frequently noted to have a radially deviated hand that appears as a _____

A

clubhand

223
Q

VACTERL association is defined as:

A

vertebral
anorectal
cardiac
tracheoesophageal
renal
limb

224
Q

clubfoot is frequently caused by ______ or other conditions that limit fetal movements.

A

oligohydramnios

225
Q

Amniotic bands, known as ____, are associated with medical procedures involved the uterine _____ and intrauterine infections

A

synechaie
endometrium

226
Q

Lower extremity fusion is postulated to be caused by a ______ steal phenomenon

A

vascular

227
Q

Skeletal dysplasias are mostly ____ to the fetus

A

fatal

228
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta causes prenatal bone ______ and fractures

A

fragility

229
Q

A fetus with an extremely narrow thorax, rhizomelic limbs, polydactyly, pelvic anomalies, and renal anomalies describes ______ dysplasia.

A

asphyxiating thoracic

230
Q

Achondrogenesis is lethal because of _____

A

pulmonary hyoplasia

231
Q

The femur bone may resemble the _____ bone on fetal sonography

A

humerus

232
Q

On average, the fetal femur grows ___ mm a week up to 27 weeks, slowing to __ mm per week for the rest of gestation.

A

3
1

233
Q
A

OB 2 (17 decks)

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