Chapter 28 - The fetal Gastrointestinal system Flashcards
Fetal Biometric measurement made of the abdomen in the second and third trimesters; used in conjunction with other measurements to date the pregnancy and size of the fetus
Abdominal circumfrence
Q
Congenital maldevelopment of the rectum and absence of the anal opening
Anorectal atresia
Q
Excessive fluid in the peritoneal cavity
Ascites
The cystic dilation of the common bile duct
Choledochal cyst
Classic sonographic sign of duodenal atresia representing the stomach and proximal duodenum
Double bubble sign
Q
Congenital maldevelopment or absence of duodenum
Duodenal Atresia
Congenital absence of part of the esophagus
Esophageal atresia
Hernitation of abdominal contents through a right-sided, periumbilical abdominal wall defect
Gastroschisus
Q
A disease that leads to a functional bowel obstruction because of the lack of nerve cells within the colon wall
Hirchsprung disease
A fetus that is below the 10th percentile for gestational age (small for gestational age) and whose growth is impeded for some reason
Intrauterine Growth restriction
Fetal stool that is composed of fetal skin, hair, amniotic fluid, and bile
Meconium
An anterior abdominal wall defect where there is herniation of the fetal bowel and other abdominal organs into the base of the umbilical cord
Omphalocele
Q
A group of anomalies that includes an omphalocele, along with ectopic corgis, cleft sternum, anterior diaphragmatic defect, and pericardial defects
Penology of Cantrell
Q
The normal developmental stage when the midgut migrates into the base of the umbilical cord
Physiologic Bowel herniation
An excessive amount of amniotic fluid for the gestational age
Polyhydroamnios
An abnormal connection between the esophagus and trachea
Tracheoesophageal Fistula
A chromosomal aberration where one sex chromosome is absent may also be referred to as monosomy X
Turner syndrome
Acronym for associated anomalies; stands for vertebral anomalies, anal atresia, cardiac anomalies, tracheoesophageal fistula, or esophageal atresia, renal anomalies, and limb anomalies
VACTERL
when measuring the fetal abdominal circumference it should include:
-fetal stomach
-transverse spine
-umbilical vein
formula for abdominal circumference:
AC= 1.57 x (AD1 + AD2)
when polyhydramnios is detected, evaluate for signs of:
Duodenal or esophageal atresia
the esophagus and the trachea often for an abnormal connection known as:
tracheoesophageal fistula- associated w/ esophageal atresia 90% of time
associated anomalies in esophageal atresia: (5)
duodenal atresia
VACTERL association
down syndrome
intrauterine growth restriction
trisomy 18
sonographic findings of esophageal atresia: (3)
- small or absent stomach
- polyhydramnios
- intrauterine growth restriction