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ANATOMY LECTURE > Chapter 28: Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Chapter 28: Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

What ar ethe primary sex organs of the male

A

testes

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2
Q

What are the accessory organs of the male

A

set of ducts and tubules leading from the testes to the penis

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3
Q

What is the organ of copulation?

A

penis

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4
Q

_______ is a skin-covered sac that provides the testes with a cooler environment than body temperature

A

Scrotum

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5
Q

At what temperature do sperm develop successfully ?

A

3 oC below normal body temperature

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6
Q

What is the scrotum homologous to in the female

A

labia majora

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7
Q

______ separates the two scrotal sacs

A

raphe

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8
Q

What is the layer of smooth muscle that is part of the wall of the scrotum called

A

dartos muscle

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9
Q

The spermatic cord originates at the _______ ______

A

inguinal canal

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10
Q

What does the spermatic cord consist of?

A
  • testicular artery
  • pampiniform plexus
  • cremaster muscle and fascia
  • Autonomic nerves
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11
Q

What structure within the spermatic cord is a branch of the abdominal aorta

A

Testicular artery

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12
Q

What structure within the spermatic cord is a network of veins surrounding the testicular artery

A

pampinform plexus

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13
Q

What layer of the spermatic cord is formed from muscle fiber extensions of the internal oblique muscle

A

cremaster muscle and fascia

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14
Q

What structure within the spermatic cord travels with plexus and connect to the testes

A

Autonomic nerves

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15
Q

What is the function of the testes

A
  1. Production of sperm
  2. Production and secretion of androgens (male sex hormones)
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16
Q

Each testis is covered anteriorly by a serous membrane called:

A

tunica vaginalis

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17
Q

The tunica vaginalis has an outer ______ layer and an inner ____ layer

A

parietal; visceral

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18
Q

The thick whitish fibrous capsule covering the testis is called:

A

tunica albuginea

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19
Q

The tunica albuginea projects into the interior of the testis as the _________ ______ through which blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and some nerves enter and leave the testis

A

mediastinum testis

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20
Q

The tunica albuginea projects internally into the testes to form _____

A

septa

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21
Q

How many lobules can septa subdivide into?

A

about 250

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22
Q

Each lobule contains (one/two/three/four/five) convoluted ________ _______

A

four; seminiferous tubules

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23
Q

What types of cells do seminiferous tubules contain?

A
  1. Sustentacular cells
  2. Spermatogonia
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24
Q

Name this seminiferous tubule cell:

nondividing support cells that assist with sperm development; connected to each other by tight junctions and form the blood-testis barrier

A

sustentacular cells

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25
Q

Name this seminiferous tubule cell:

a population of dividing germ cells that continuously produce sperm beginning at puberty

A

Spermatogonia

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26
Q

Spaces external to an in between seminiferous tubules is:

A

interstitial space

27
Q

What resides in interstitial space and what do they do?

A

Interstitial cells and they produce hormones called androgens

28
Q

List the ducts of the male reproductive system

A
  1. Ductus deferens
  2. Ampulla
  3. Ejaculatory duct
  4. Urethra
  5. Epididymis
  6. Ducts within testes
    1. Rete testis
    2. Efferent ductules
29
Q

Name this duct within testis:

meshwork of interconnected channels in the mediastinum

A

Rete testis

30
Q

Name this duct within testis:

Receive sperm from seminiferous tubules

A

Rete testis

31
Q

Name this duct within testis:

Channels merge to form efferent ductules

A

Rete testis

32
Q

Name this duct within testis:

Number 12-15

A

Efferent ductules

33
Q

Name this duct within testis:

has ciliated cells that propels sperm

A

efferent ductules

34
Q

Name this duct within testis:

Connects rete testis to epididymis

A

Efferent ductules

35
Q

This structure us on the posterosuperior surface of the testes

A

epididymis

36
Q

What are the three regions of the epididymis

A

head, body, tail

37
Q

How long is the duct of the epididymis

A

4 to 5 meters long

38
Q

What is the function of the duct of the epididymis?

A

transports the sperm

39
Q

What is the function of the epididymis

A

Storage and maturation of sperm

40
Q

Sperm leaves the epididymis and enters the:

A

ductus deferens

41
Q

As the ductus deferens approaches the prostate glands, it enlarges to form the :

A

ampulla

42
Q

immediately prior to ejaculation peristalsis moves sperm from tail of ______ to _______

A

epididymis; ampulla

43
Q

The ampulla unites with the proximal portion of the seminal vesicle to form the:

A

ejaculatory duct

44
Q

The ejaculatory duct is located:

A

within the prostate gland

45
Q

The ejaculatory duct conducts sperm from the ductus deferens to the:

A

prostatic urethra

46
Q

The ejaculatory duct mixes sperm with ______ ____ prior to ejaculation

A

seminal fluid

47
Q

What are the three parts to the make urethra?

A
  1. prostatic urethra
  2. membranous urethra
  3. spongy urethra
48
Q

What three glands (accessory glands) secrete seminal fluids to mix wth sperm to create semen?

A
  1. Seminal vesicles
  2. Prostate glands
  3. Bulbourethral glands
49
Q

What is the purpose of seminal fluids mixing with sperm

A

to nourish the sperm and neutralize the acidity of the vagina

50
Q

Secrete a viscous whitish-yellow, alkaline seminal fluid

A

Seminal vesicles

51
Q

What makes up the seminal fluid in the seminal vesicles? and why?

A
  • Fructose to nourish sperm
  • Prostaglandins to facilitate sperm entry into the uterus
  • Bicarbonate that buffers the fluid
52
Q

What does the prostate gland do?

A

Produces substances that are secreted directly into the prostatic urethra

53
Q

What makes up prostatic secretion? and why?

A
  • citric acid for sperm nutrients
  • seminalplasmin (antibacterial)
  • Prostatic-specific antigen [PSA] which is an enzyme that helps liquify semen
54
Q

Mucin is secreted from these glands and enters the spongy urethra at the base of the penis

A

Bulbourethral glands

55
Q

What gland does pre-ejaculation come from

A

bulbourethral glands

56
Q

What do mucin secretions (pre-ejaculate) do?

A

neutralizes fluid in urethra & flushes urethra

57
Q

Seminal fluid from the three accessory glands combines with sperm from testes to make:

A

semen

58
Q

How much semen in volume comes out when ejaculating and how many sperms are contained

A

3-5 mL and 200-500 million sperm

59
Q

The penis and the scrotum form:

A

external genitalia

60
Q

Internally, the attached portion of the penis is the _______ forming both the ____ and the _____ of the penis

A

root; bulb; crura

61
Q

The elongated portion of the penis is the:

A

shaft

62
Q

The tip of the penis is the _____, which surrounds the ______ _______ _______.

A

glans; external urethral orifice

63
Q

Foreskin =

A

prepuce

64
Q

The shaft of the penis is comprised of three parallel cylindrical erectile bodies:

A
  1. Corpora cavernosa
  2. Corpus spongiosum
  3. Distal end of corpus spongiosum within the glans

ANATOMY LECTURE (9 decks)

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