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EFRS Class 144 final > Chapter 27: Hazardous Materials > Flashcards

Chapter 27: Hazardous Materials Flashcards

1
Q

Location of Hazmat Bins

A

Stations:1,3,8,9,18,20,22,23,25

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2
Q

NFPA Hazmat standars

A

471(materials),472(responder competency),473(EMS to weapons/materials of mass destruction)

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3
Q

HazMat. definition

A

Any material or substance, which even in normal use, poses a risk to health, safety, property, or the environment

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4
Q

Hazmat can be broken down into 9 primary classes by the United Nations (UN-number…)

A

1: Explosives:6
2: Gasses:3
3: flammable liquids:0
4: Flammable solids:3
5: Oxidizers & Organic Peroxides:2
6: Toxic & Infectious:2
7: Radioactive:0
8: Corrosive:0
9: Miscellaneous:0

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5
Q

Regulations

A

Articles that are referenced by acts

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6
Q

Standards

A

Developed and reviewed by non governmental consensus committees

NFPA

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7
Q

Response training levels

A

1 Awareness: basic: cops,military
2 Operations:defensive: Minimize further impact and ID substances
3 Technicians: offensively trained : stn 10
Specialists:experts in particular substances

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8
Q

HazMats have greatest potential for disaster when

A

they are being shipped

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9
Q

4 types of Hazard Identification

A

Location and Occupancy
Placards, Labels, Markings
Container shape
Your senses: Sight, Smell, Hear

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10
Q

Facility and transport markings

A

Signs: NFPA 704 dimond fixed location
Labels: 10cm x 10cm and on containers =<450L
Placards: diamond shaped 25cm x 25cm used when transporting >450L

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11
Q

Facility and transport markings

A

Signs: NFPA 704 diamond fixed location

Labels: 10cm x 10cm and on containers =<450L

Placards: diamond shaped 25cm x 25cm used when transporting >450L/500kg must be on every side&end
over 4000kg:un number must be shown on placard or orange panel next to or below placard

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12
Q

info on Labels and Placards

A

Symbol
Color
Class#

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13
Q

Background colors

A 
Red: Flammable
Orange: Explosive
White: Toxic/Infectious 
Green: Compressed but non flammable, nontoxic
Blue: reactive
Black: Corrosive
Yellow: Oxidizer
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14
Q

Class 1 Explosives sub-classes

A

1-6
1 being highest risk of detonation
6 being extremely Insensitive

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15
Q

Class 2 Gases: 4 types of & 3 sub classes

A
  • Compressed: gas stored under pressure (O2)
  • Liquefied: by compression (propane)
  • Cryogenic: liquefied by deep refrigeration (liquid nitrogen)
  • Dissolved: stored by adsorption (acetylene)
  1. 1:flammable
  2. 2:non-flammable
  3. 3:Toxic Gas
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16
Q

Class 2 Gases: 4 types of & sub classes

A
  • Compressed: gas stored under pressure (O2)
  • Liquefied: by compression (propane)
  • Cryogenic: liquefied by deep refrigeration (liquid nitrogen)
  • Dissolved: stored by adsorption (acetylene)
  1. 1:flammable
  2. 2:non-flammable
  3. 3:Toxic Gas
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17
Q

Class 4 Flammable Solids

A

4.1: Flammable solid:Aluminum powder
4.2:Substances liable to spontaneous combustion: Wet-rags(oily rag),Activated Charcoal
4.3:Substances which, in contact with water emit flammable gases(dangerous when wet)
Sodium:explodes
Lithium: flammable gases

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18
Q

Class 5 Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

A
  1. 1: Oxidizer

5. 2: Organic peroxide

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19
Q

Class 6 Toxic & Infectious

A
  1. 1: toxic

6. 2: infectious

20
Q

Shipping Documents: 5 items on them

4SHN

A

4 digit UN number
Shipping Name
Hazard/Class #
Number of Pkgs. Shipped

21
Q

Terminology for various types of shipping

A

Standard:most common
Waste Manifest: haz waste
Air bill: by air: cock pit Pilot
Rail Doc:way bill: rail: rial yard or conductor
Road Doc:way bill: road: driver
Dangerous goods cargo: way bill: by boat/capitan

22
Q

Document Content Response Inormation

A 
Shipping Name
Primary Classification
Secondary Classification 
Product ID#
Packing Group#
Total mass/Volume
# Pkgs.
24hr phone number
Emerg response plan
23
Q

Packing groups

A

Highest Danger
serious Danger
Lowest(but still significant) Danger

24
Q

5 types of Low pressure Facility tank

Cryogenic & High/low pressure Spherical facility tanks

A 
Cone Roof
Floating roof
Internal floating Roof
Lifter roof
Horizontal/low pressure storage tank
25
ERG
White: general Info Yellow: by un-number: to name to orange page Blue: by Name: to un number to orange page Orange: potential haz./safety measures/emergency response actions Green: Inhalation Hazards: provocative action distances : initial isolation distances and protective isolation distances
26
TIH: Toxic Inhalation Hazard
gases or volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled includes certain chemical warfare agents & water reactive material which produce gas upon contact with water
27
Incident Command Mode @ Hazmat Indent
Offensive : stop release, attack and mitigate problem Defensive: containment(diking, damming, diverting to reduce impact Non-intervention: let the incident run its course. balance environmental impact vs responder and public safety
28
6 Tactical Priorities @ hazmat
``` Rescue Protection of Exposures Fire Suppression Confinement(to an area) Containment (to a vessle) Recovery ```
29
steps to manage a Hazmat scene:
``` H-hazard ID A- Action plan Z-Zoning M-manage the scene A- assistance T-termination ```
30
3 Zones
``` Hot Zone(Red): restricted, Danger to life and health, noone can enter until Dcon is set up Warm Zone: limited access decon zone, this is where decon happens Cold Zone(Yellow): support area, staging, no public or media ```
31
Hazmat & Evacuations | managing the scene
1) determine who needs it - ERG orange and Green pages - Then cross & down wind 2) shelter/Protect in-place - evac causes greater risk: secure location to min exposure - Hospitals,Jails,Nursing Homes,Hi-rise -do not shelter in place when: flammable vapors are present, building cannot be sealed/secured enough,toxic gas will take a long time to clear
32
Defensive actions | scene management
Absorption(bonds like a spong), Adsorption(clings/coats surface), Confinement, Dilution, Remote Valve Shutoff, Vapor dispersion, Vapor suppression, Burning off
33
Termination of scene
- Decontamination:all personnel and equipment must be decon.(anything or anyone in the hot zone) - Rehabilitation(may be needed in a long scene time) - Post Incident Analysis: see how it all went - Medical screening: for people exposed
34
pros and Cons of emergency Decon
Pro: Quick response time, minimize injury Cons: quick fix only, may not remove everything, more thorough decon. will need to follow, damages the environment
35
Chronic VS acute
Acute: one time occurrence Chronic: Repeated occurance
36
DOSE | dosage of an exposure can be determined by
Chemical+Concentration+Time=Dose
37
List of 7 possible exposures,related energy and effects
- Thermal:temp extremes:Burn/Frost bite - Mechanical:Direct contact/Fragments:bruises,cuts,blist. - Poisonous:Poison/Toxin:Dam. organs and body systems - Corrosive:Chem.:burns,tissue damage - Asphyxiation:O2-Diff.:Affect respiratory system - Radiation: Radiation:injury to individual/future gen. - Etiological: Living Miro-org.:Diseases(hepatitis)
38
how haz mat enter body
Inhalation Ingestion Contact Absorbtion
39
Personal Protective Clothing Levels
A:Banana suit:resp.,skin,eye protection maxed B: Max resp,lesser skin(taped zip)splash suit C:Air filters(apr)splash suit zippers taped D:Bunker gear, no resp.
40
Contamination through PPE
Permeation: molecular level ,Penetration:movement through normal openings Degradation: physical breakdown of suit
41
Proximity suit vs Fire entry suits
Prox: 150-200'C | Fire ent.: up to 1093'C
42
MX4 alarms
O2: Low: 19.5% - high 23% range 0-30% CO: low 25PPM - High 50ppm range 0-500ppm H2S: low:10 ppm - high 15ppm rang 0-500ppm LEL: low 10% - high 20% range 0-100%
43
CO
colorless orderless | highly flammable 12.5-74% in air auto igniton 609'C
44
CBRNE
``` Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear Explosive ```
45
Ionizing vs nonIonizing
``` Ionizing kills cells Alpha travel 3-4" Beta can cover skin with platic, foil will not penn organs Neutron travel a few meters Gamma worst of them: need lead cement ```
46
what are 7 causes of O2 deficient atmosphere
``` Rusting/oxidation combustion absorption bacterial action chemical reaction purging agents poor ventilation ```

EFRS Class 144 final (35 decks)

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