chapter 26 reproductive system

Question 1

testes in males, ovaries in females

Answer 1

gonads

Question 2

Gonads produce sex cells called

Answer 2

gametes

Question 3

Sex hormones play roles in

Answer 3

The development and function of the reproductive organs
Sexual behavior and drives
The growth and development of many other organs and tissues

Question 4

Testes produce ? and lie within the ?

Answer 4

sperm

scrotum

Question 5

Sperm are delivered to the exterior through a system of ducts called

Answer 5

epididymis, ductus (vas)

deferens, ejaculatory duct, and the urethra

Question 6

Accessory reproductive
glands: Empty their secretions into the ?
Include the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and
bulbourethral glands

Answer 6

ducts during ejaculation

Question 7

Sac of skin and superficial fascia that hangs outside the abdominopelvic cavity at the root of
the penis

Answer 7

scrotum

Question 8

the scrotum Contains ? separated by a midline septum

Answer 8

paired testicles

Question 9

Each testis is surrounded by two

Answer 9

tunics

Question 10

the tunica of Each testis is surrounded by two is called

Answer 10

tunica vaginalis

Question 11

the tunica of the fibrous capsule of the testis is called

Answer 11

tunica albuginea

Question 12

divide the testis into 250 300 lobules, each containing 1-4 seminiferous tubules

Answer 12

the septa

Question 13

Seminiferous tubules
produce?
Converge to form the ?

Answer 13

sperm

tubulus rectus

Question 14

The straight tubulus rectus conveys sperm to the

Answer 14

rete testis

Question 15

From the rete testis, the sperm:
Leave the testis via ?
Enter the ?

Answer 15

efferent ductules

epididymis

Question 16

Surrounding the seminiferous tubules are interstitia

l cells that produce

Answer 16

testosterone

Question 17

Testicular arteries branch from the abdominal aorta and supply the

Answer 17

testes

Question 18

encloses PNS and SNS nerve fibers, blood vessels,

lymphatics band vas deferens

Answer 18

Spermatic cord

Question 19

A copulatory organ designed to deliver sperm into the female reproductive tract

Answer 19

penis

Question 20

spongy network of connective tissue and smooth muscle riddled with vascular spaces

Answer 20

Erectile tissue

Question 21

surrounds the urethra and expands to form the glans and bulb of the penis

Answer 21

Corpus spongiosum

Question 22

paired dorsal erectile bodies bound by fibrous tunica albuginea

Answer 22

Corpora cavernosa

Question 23

Highly coiled tube; about 20 feet long, but only 1.5 inches long in its highly coiled condition; site of sperm storage (up to several months) and site where sperm undergo maturation to become fully functional and active reproductive cells.

Answer 23

Epididymis

Question 24

The duct of the epididymis has microvilli that:

Answer 24

Absorb testicular fluid 

Pass nutrients to the sperm

Question 25

Nonmotile sperm enter, pass through its tubes and become

Answer 25

motile

Question 26

Upon ejaculation the epididymis ? | expelling sperm into the

Answer 26

contracts | ductus deferens

Question 27

Ductus Deferens & Ejaculatory Duct: Runs from the ?through the ? into the ?

Answer 27

epididymis inguinal canal pelvic cavity

Question 28

Ductus Deferens & Ejaculatory Duct terminus expands to form the ? and then joins the duct of the seminal vesicle to form the ?

Answer 28

ampulla | ejaculatory duct

Question 29

Ductus Deferens & Ejaculatory Duct Propels sperm from the ? to the ?

Answer 29

epididymis to the urethra

Question 30

Conveys both urine and semen (at different times)

Answer 30

urethra

Question 31

urethra consists of three regions called

Answer 31

prostatic membranous spongy/penile

Question 32

Lie on the posterior wall of the bladder and secrete 60% of the volume of semen

Answer 32

Seminal Vesicles

Question 33

viscous alkaline fluid containing fructose, ascorbic acid, coagulating enzymes, and prostaglandins

Answer 33

semen

Question 34

Sperm and seminal fluid mix in the ejaculatory duct and enter the ? during ejaculation

Answer 34

prostatic urethra

Question 35

Doughnut-shaped gland that encircles part of the urethra inferior to the bladder

Answer 35

prostate gland

Question 36

function of prostate gland

Answer 36

Its milky, slightly alkaline fluid, which contains citrate, enzymes, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA), accounts for one-third of the semen volume  Plays a role in the activation of sperm and dissolves clot  Fluid enters the prostatic urethra during ejaculation

Question 37

Pea-sized glands inferior to the prostate | Produce thick, clear mucus prior to ejaculation that neutralizes traces of acidic urine in the urethra

Answer 37

Bulbourethral Glands (Cowper’s Glands):

Question 38

The hormone that enhances sperm motility

Answer 38

relaxin

Question 39

Prostaglandins (hormone-like substance) in semen: functions

Answer 39

Decrease the viscosity of mucus in the cervix  Stimulate reverse peristalsis in the uterus  Facilitate the movement of sperm through the female reproductive tract

Question 40

Make female gametes

Answer 40

ovaries

Question 41

Embedded in the ovary cortex are ovarian follicles  Each follicle consists of an immature egg called an

Answer 41

oocyte

Question 42

one layer of squamous like follicle cells surrounds the oocyte

Answer 42

Primordial follicle

Question 43

two or more layers of cuboidal granulosa cells enclose the oocyte 

Answer 43

Primary follicle

Question 44

has a fluid-filled space between granulosa cells that coalesces to form a central antrum 

Answer 44

Secondary follicle

Question 45

follicle at its most mature stage that bulges from the surface of the ovary

Answer 45

Graafian follicle

Question 46

ruptured follicle after ovulation

Answer 46

Corpus luteum

Question 47

oviarion period of follicle growth (days 1–14)

Answer 47

Follicular phase

Question 48

occurs midcycle ovarian cycle

Answer 48

ovolation

Question 49

ovarian period of corpus luteum activity (days 14–28)

Answer 49

Luteal phase

Question 50

a twinge of pain sometimes felt at ovulation

Answer 50

Mittelschmerz

Question 51

The corpus luteum secretes what hormones?

Answer 51

progesterone and estrogen

Question 52

what phase uterus sheds all but the deepest part of the endometrium

Answer 52

Days 1-5: Menstrual phase

Question 53

what phase endometrium rebuilds itself

Answer 53

Days 6-14: Proliferative (preovulatory) phase

Question 54

what phase endometrium prepares for implantation of the embryo

Answer 54

Days 15-28: Secretory (postovulatory) phase