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Patho Test 3-me > Chapter 26- Alterations of Erythrocyte Function > Flashcards

Chapter 26- Alterations of Erythrocyte Function Flashcards

1
Q

Anemia refers to a deficiency of

a. blood plasma
b. erythrocytes
c. platelets
d. hemaglobin
e. both B & D are correct

A

e. both B & D are correc

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2
Q

Etiologic classification of anemia is based on

a. size
b. color
c. shape
d. decreased or defective erythrocytes

A

d. decreased or defective erythrocytes

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3
Q

Tissue hypoxic causes
a. arterioles, capillaries, and venules to constrict
b . the heart to contract less forcefully
c. the rate and depth of breathing to increase
d. increased afterload

A

c. the rate and depth of breathing to increase

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4
Q

Which of the following symptoms are consistent with aplastic anemia but not with pernicious anemia?

a. petechiae and purpura
b. pallor
c. fatigue
d. hypoxia
e. neuropathy

A

a. petechiae and purpura

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5
Q

If reticulocyte count were done on an individual with iron deficiency anemia because of chronic bleeding, it would be

a. high
b. low
c. normal
d. meaningless

A

a. high

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6
Q

A 40 year old white, pregnant woman with four children experienced weakness, loss of appetite, and pallor. Her CBC revealed the following: Macrocytic RBCs 2.5 X 10^6/mm, Hct 32%, Hgb 8.7, She most likely has

a. sickle cell anemia
b. folic acid anemia
c. iron deficiency
d. pernicious anemia

A

b. folic acid anemia

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7
Q

A cause of macrocytic normochromic anemia is:

a. iron deficiency
b. deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid
c. an enzyme deficiency
d. inheritance of abnormal hemoglobin structure

A

b. deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid

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8
Q

Hemolytic anemia may result in:

a. jaundice
b. loss of vibratory sense
c. acidosis
d. petechiae

A

a. jaundice

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9
Q

The end result of anemia is:

a. anoxia
b. hypoxia
c. infection
d. bleeding
e. hypoxemia

A

b. hypoxia

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10
Q

An individual who has chronic gastritis and tingling in his or her fingers requires which of the following for treatment:

a. oral vitamin b12
b. vitamin b12 by intramuscular injection
c. ferrous fumarate by intramuscular injection
d. oral folate
e. transfusions

A

b. vitamin b12 by intramuscular injection

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11
Q

individuals at risk for iron deficiency anemia include those:

a. who have undergone a gastrectomy
b. who are Italian
c. With neoplastic disease
d. with warm antibodies
e. with minor, chronic blood loss

A

e. with minor, chronic blood loss

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12
Q

The symptoms of siderblastic anemia may include:

a. glossitis
b. hepatomegaly and splenomegaly
c. bleeding and recurrent infections
d. neuropathy
e. jaundice

A

b. hepatomegaly and splenomegaly

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13
Q

Primary (absolute) polycythemia exists when there is:

a. an increase in circulating RBCs, WBCs, and platelets
b. a decrease of circulating plasma
c. a physiologic response to hypoxia
d. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in an individual

A

a. an increase in circulating RBCs, WBCs, and platelets

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14
Q

Secondary (absolute) polycythemia may be caused by:

a. dehydration
b. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
c. excessive use of diuretics
d. an abnormality of bone marrow stem cells
e. diarrhea

A

b. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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15
Q

The pathophysiology of polycythemia vera is essentially caused by:

a. fewer erythrocytes than normal
b. decreased blood volume
c. an acquired mutation in Janus Kinase 2
d. increased rate of blood flow

A

c. an acquired mutation in Janus Kinase 2

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16
Q
  1. Which of the following is a description for the term anemia?
    A. Increased white blood cell size
    B. Increased erythrocyte number in circulating blood
    C. Decreased erythrocytes in circulating blood
    D. Decreased circulating platelets
A

C. Decreased erythrocytes in circulating blood

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17
Q 
2. Which of the following is NOT one of the common causes of anemia?
A. Impaired production
B. Blood transfusion
C. Increased red cell destruction
D. Severe bleeding
A

B. Blood transfusion

18
Q 
3. Which of the following is characteristic of the megaloblastic anemias?
A. Small cell size
B. Decreased thickness
C. Caused by increased folate
D. Presence of macrocytes
A

D. Presence of macrocytes

19
Q
  1. Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding pernicious anemia?
    A. Rare form of megaloblastic anemia
    B. Associated with end-stage type A chronic atrophic gastritis
    C. It is of viral origin
    D. Mean age of onset of 6 years
A

B. Associated with end-stage type A chronic atrophic gastritis

20
Q
  1. Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding folate?
    A. Dietary intake is about 50 to 200 mcg/day.
    B. Pregnant women require less folate.
    C. Folate synthesis takes place in the stomach.
    D. Absorption of folate takes place in the stomach.
A

A. Dietary intake is about 50 to 200 mcg/day.

21
Q 
6. Which of the following is NOT a cause of microcytic-hypochromic anemia?
A. Disorders of iron metabolism
B. Disorders of porphyrin synthesis
C. Disorders of globin synthesis
D. Disorders of vitamin B12 absorption
A

D. Disorders of vitamin B12 absorption

22
Q 
7. Which form of anemia is caused by a deviation in mitochondrial metabolism?
A. Iron deficiency
B. Microcytic-hypochromic
C. Sideroblastic
D. Megaloblastic
A

C. Sideroblastic

23
Q 
8. A person displays a reduction in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Which of the following is the most appropriate term for this condition?
A. Aplastic anemia
B. Erythropoietic hemochromatosis
C. Myelodysplastic syndrome
D. Sideroblastic anemia
A

A. Aplastic anemia

24
Q
  1. Which of the following is TRUE regarding posthemorrhagic anemia?
    A. A healthy person can tolerate a loss of 2000 ml of blood.
    B. It results in normocytic and normochromic anemia.
    C. Hypertension may be present.
    D. There is increased venous return.
A

B. It results in normocytic and normochromic anemia.

25
Q
  1. Which of the following is the BEST definition for Fanconi anemia?
    A. Caused by a defect in DNA repair
    B. Caused by a defect in mitochondrial mechanisms.
    C. Caused by a defect in porphyrin synthesis
    D. Caused by a thymoma
A

A. Caused by a defect in DNA repair

26
Q
  1. Which of the following is TRUE regarding autoimmune hemolytic anemias?
    A. They are congenital disorders.
    B. There are three types classified by the type of antibodies present.
    C. They are caused by autoantibodies against erythrocyte antigens.
    D. They are caused by intravascular hemolysis.
A

C. They are caused by autoantibodies against erythrocyte antigens.

27
Q 
12. Which of the following types of antibody is the most common form of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and affects individuals older than the age of 40?
A. Warm antibody
B. Cold agglutinin
C. Cold hemolysins
D. Warm hemolysins
A

A. Warm antibody

28
Q
  1. Which of the following is TRUE concerning drug-induced anemia?
    A. It is a form of immune hemolytic anemia.
    B. It is an allergic reaction against large molecular drugs.
    C. Extravascular RBCs in the spleen and liver are removed by complement.
    D. Anemia occurs within 1 week of infusion of drug.
A

A. It is a form of immune hemolytic anemia.

29
Q 
14. Which of the following is the appropriate term for the increase in red cell production?
A. Anemia
B. Hemolytic crisis
C. Polycythemia
D. Apoferritin
A

C. Polycythemia

30
Q 
15. Which of the following illnesses is the most common cause of aplastic crisis?
A. Influenza
B. Varicella zoster
C. Human parvovirus B19
D. Leukemia
A

C. Human parvovirus B19

31
Q 
Match the etiology of the anemia disorder with its morphologic appearance.
Vitamin B12 deficiency
a. macrolitic-normochromic
b. microcytic-hypochromic
c. normocytic-normochromic
A

a. macrolitic-normochromic

32
Q 
Match the etiology of the anemia disorder with its morphologic appearance.
Iron deficiency
a. macrolitic-normochromic
b. microcytic-hypochromic
c. normocytic-normochromic
A

b. microcytic-hypochromic

33
Q 
Match the etiology of the anemia disorder with its morphologic appearance.
Folic acid deficiency
a. macrolitic-normochromic
b. microcytic-hypochromic
c. normocytic-normochromic
A

a. macrolitic-normochromic

34
Q 
Match the etiology of the anemia disorder with its morphologic appearance.
Bone marrow depression
a. macrolitic-normochromic
b. microcytic-hypochromic
c. normocytic-normochromic
A

c. normocytic-normochromic

35
Q 
Match the etiology of the anemia disorder with its morphologic appearance.
Chronic infection
a. macrolitic-normochromic
b. microcytic-hypochromic
c. normocytic-normochromic
A

c. normocytic-normochromic

36
Q 
Match the etiology of the anemia disorder with its morphologic appearance.
Hemolysis
a. macrolitic-normochromic
b. microcytic-hypochromic
c. normocytic-normochromic
A

c. normocytic-normochromic

37
Q 
Match the etiology of the anemia disorder with its morphologic appearance.
Posthemorrhagic
a. macrolitic-normochromic
b. microcytic-hypochromic
c. normocytic-normochromic
A

c. normocytic-normochromic

38
Q 
Match the etiology of the anemia disorder with its morphologic appearance.
Decreased heme synthesis
a. macrolitic-normochromic
b. microcytic-hypochromic
c. normocytic-normochromic
A

b. microcytic-hypochromic

39
Q 
Match the etiology of the anemia disorder with its morphologic appearance.
Chloramphenicol therepy
a. macrolitic-normochromic
b. microcytic-hypochromic
c. normocytic-normochromic
A

b. microcytic-hypochromic

40
Q 
Match the etiology of the anemia disorder with its morphologic appearance.
Malignancy
a. macrolitic-normochromic
b. microcytic-hypochromic
c. normocytic-normochromic
A

c. normocytic-normochromic

Patho Test 3-me (10 decks)

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