Chapter 25 Digetion

Question 1

what are the 5 stages of digestion?

Answer 1

• Ingestion
• Digestion
• Absorption
• Compaction
• Defecation

Question 2

What are the 2 types of Digestion?

Answer 2

Mechanical - chewing + peristalsis

Chemical - saliva, enzymes, HCL

Question 3

Chemically what do Polysaccharides, proteins, fats, and nucleic acids get broken down into?

Answer 3

monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, galactose)
amino acids
monoglycerides or fatty acids
nucleotides

Question 4

which nutrients are ingested in their usable form?

Answer 4

Vitamins, Amino Acids, Minerals, Cholesterol, and Water

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Question 5

nervous network running from esophagus to intestines that regulates tract motility, secretion, and blood flow - CNS exerts some influence on, but the system works independent

Answer 5

Enteric Nervous System

Question 6

mesenteries

Answer 6

connective tissue sheets that hold the viscera in place, but loose enough for contraction`

Question 7

dentition

Answer 7

teeth

Question 8

calcified plaque is called…

Answer 8

calculus

Question 9

cavities are known as…

Answer 9

Dental Caries

Question 10

food stimulates oral receptors that trigger…

Answer 10

an involuntary chewing reflex

Question 11

bolus

Answer 11

ball of food to be swallowed

Question 12

how many muscles are used for deglutition?

Answer 12

22 in mouth, pharynx, and esophagus

Question 13

lower esophageal sphincter

Answer 13

opening at stomach - remains closed until food presses on it

Question 14

known as food storage organ

Answer 14

stomach

Question 15

bolus devolves into chyme in the….

Answer 15

stomach

Question 16

pyloric sphincter is found…

Answer 16

and the base/end/bottom of stomach

Question 17

lack of intrinsic factor is due to…

Answer 17

and autoimmune disease Pernicious Anemis

Question 18

lack of intrinsic factor is due to…

Answer 18

and autoimmune disease Pernicious Anemia

Question 19

lack of intrinsic factor is due to…

Answer 19

and autoimmune disease Pernicious Anemia

Question 20

2 types of cells in gastric pit

Answer 20

chief - secrete gastric lipase and pepsinogen

parietal cells - secrete HCL and intrinsic factor

Question 21

3 main ingredients in gastric juice

Answer 21

water
HCL
pepsinogen (protein digestion)

Question 22

reverse peristalsis is involved in what process?

Answer 22

vomiting

Question 23

duodenum

Answer 23

short first part of small intestine

Question 24

emetic system is responsible for….

Answer 24

Vomiting

Question 25

3 defenses the stomach has protecting against acid

Answer 25

tight cell junctions
mucus coat
quick epithelial cell replacement

Question 26

What is the acid resistant bacteria responsible for stomach ulcers?

Answer 26

Helicobacterpylori

Question 27

body’s largest gland

Answer 27

Liver

Question 28

process of forming gallstones

Answer 28

cholelithiasis

Question 29

fat soluble vitamins

Answer 29

A D E K

Question 30

biliary calculi

Answer 30

gallstones

Question 31

Which organ both releases and degrades hormones?

Answer 31

liver