Chapter 12 Nervous Tissue Flashcards
Parasympathetic division
Rest and digest Happy hormones Calming Lower activity levels Lowers heart rate and respiration Stimulates digestive and urinary Healing, restoration, maintenance
Sympathetic division
Fight or flight
Decreases digestive and urinary
Stress hormones
Raise heart rate and respiration
3 properties of neurons
Excitability
Conductivity
Secretion
List the 6 specific neurons involved in a feedback loop and a brief description
1st order sensory afferent (sensation to stem)
2nd order sensory afferent (stem to thalamus)
3rd order sensory afferent (thalamus to cortex)
Interneuron (in cerebral cortex)
Upper motor neuron (cortex to spine)
Lower motor neuron (spine to effector)
What are the 2 types of neuroglia cells in the PNS?
In the CNS?
And the most important things about each?
Schwann cells - myelin sheath
Satellite cells
CNS
Micorglia - phagocytes (Pac-Man)
Astrocytes -BBB, fill dead neuron’s space, clean up extra N.T., nerve growth factor
Ogliodendrocytes - myelin
Ependymal cells - make and move csf
2 important features of the BBB
Tight junctions between cells of capillaries in brain
Astrocytes
When does most of the production of myelination occur?
Fetal development through late adolescence
Which genetic disease common in people of Jewish decent prevents the production of myelin?
Tay-Sachs
Which autoimmune disease causes myelin to be replaced by scar tissue?
Multiple Sclerosis
What 3 things are required for a neuron to potentially heal?
Must be in PNS
have complete soma
Have at least some axon
What 2 factors affect the speed of a signal through a neuron?
Diameter of axon and myelination
What are the 3 sections/states of and excited neuron?
Excitable membrane
Action in progress (signal)
Refractory membrane (prevents signal from running backwards
G-protein
Second messenger (N.T.)
Where is short term memory stored?
Long term?
Short term - thalamus
Long term - cerebral cortex
Difference between declarative and procedural memory?
Story telling vs. motor process
