Chapter 24

Question 0

Sepoys

Answer 0

Troops that served the British East India company; recruited from various warlike peoples of India

Question 1

Mataram

Answer 1

Kingdom that controlled interior regions of Java in 17th century; Dutch East India Company paid tribute to the kingdom for rights of trade at Batavia; weakness of kingdom after 1670s allowed Dutch to exert control over all of Java

Question 2

British Raj

Answer 2

British political establishment in India; developed as a result of the rivalry between France and Britain in India

Question 3

Plassey

Answer 3

Battle in 1757 between troops of the British East India Company and an Indian army under Sirãj ud-daula, ruler of Bengal; British victory resulted in control of northern India

Question 4

Robert Clive

Answer 4

Architect of British victory at Plassey; established foundations of British Raj in northern India (18th century)

Question 5

Presidencies

Answer 5

Three districts that made up the bulk of the directly ruled British territories in India, capitals at Madras, Calcutta, and Bombay

Question 6

Princely States

Answer 6

Domains of Indian princes allied with the British Raj, agents of East India Company were stationed at the rulers’ courts to ensure compliance; made up over one-third of the British Indian Empire

Question 7

Nabobs

Answer 7

Name given to British representatives of the East India Company who went briefly to India to make fortunes through graft and exploitation

Question 8

Lord Charles Cornwallis

Answer 8

Reformer of the East India Company administration of India in the 1790s; reduced power of local British administrators; checked widespread corruption

Question 9

Ram Mohun Roy

Answer 9

Western-educated Indian leader, early 19th century; cooperated with British to outlaw sati

Question 10

Isandhlwana

Answer 10

Location of battle fought in 1879 between the British and Zulu armies in Southern Africa; resulted in defeat of British; one of few victories of African forces over Western Europeans

Question 11

Settlement Colonies

Answer 11

Areas, such as North America and Australia, that were both conquered by European invaders and settled by large numbers of European migrants who made the colonized areas their permanent home and dispersed and decimated the indigenous inhabitants

Question 12

White Dominions

Answer 12

Colonies in which European settlers made up the overwhelming majority of the population; small numbers of native inhabitants were typically reduced by disease and wars on conquest; typical of British holdings in North America and Australia with growing independence in the 19th century

Question 13

White Racial Supremacy

Answer 13

Belief in the inherent mental, moral, and cultural superiority of whites, peaked in acceptance in decades before World War I, supported by social science doctrines of social Darwinists such as Herbert Spencer

Question 14

Natal

Answer 14

British colony in South Africa; developed after Boer Trek north from Cape Colony; major commercial outpost at Durban

Question 15

Boer Republics

Answer 15

Transvaal and Orange Free State in Southern Africa; established to insert independence of Boers from British colonial government in Cape Colony in 1850s; discovery of diamonds and precious metals caused British migration into the Boer areas in 1860s

Question 16

Cecil Rhodes

Answer 16

British entrepreneur in south Africa around 1900; manipulated political situation in South Africa to gain entry to resources of Boer republics; encouraged Boer War as means of destroying Boer Independence

Question 17

Boer War

Answer 17

Fought between 1899 and 1902 over the continued independence of Boer republics; resulted in British victory, but began the process of decolonization in Southern Africa

Question 18

Captain James Cook

Answer 18

Made voyages to Hawaii from 1777 to 1779 resulting in opening of islands to the West; convinced Kamehameha to establish unified kingdom in the islands

Question 19

Kamehameha I

Answer 19

Fought series of wars backed by British weapons and advisors resulting in unified Hawaiian Kingdom by 1810; as King he promoted economic change encouraging Western merchants to establish export trade in Hawaiian goods

Question 20

Princely States

Answer 20

Domains of Indian princes allied with the British Raj, agents of East India Company were stationed at the rulers’ courts to ensure compliance; made up over one-third of the British Indian Empire

Question 21

Nabobs

Answer 21

Name given to British representatives of the East India Company who went briefly to India to make fortunes through graft and exploitation

Question 22

Lord Charles Cornwallis

Answer 22

Reformer of the East India Company administration of India in the 1790s; reduced power of local British administrators; checked widespread corruption

Question 23

Ram Mohun Roy

Answer 23

Western-educated Indian leader, early 19th century; cooperated with British to outlaw sati

Question 24

Isandhlwana

Answer 24

Location of battle fought in 1879 between the British and Zulu armies in Southern Africa; resulted in defeat of British; one of few victories of African forces over Western Europeans

Question 25

Settlement Colonies

Answer 25

Areas, such as North America and Australia, that were both conquered by European invaders and settled by large numbers of European migrants who made the colonized areas their permanent home and dispersed and decimated the indigenous inhabitants

Question 26

White Dominions

Answer 26

Colonies in which European settlers made up the overwhelming majority of the population; small numbers of native inhabitants were typically reduced by disease and wars on conquest; typical of British holdings in North America and Australia with growing independence in the 19th century

Question 27

White Racial Supremacy

Answer 27

Belief in the inherent mental, moral, and cultural superiority of whites, peaked in acceptance in decades before World War I, supported by social science doctrines of social Darwinists such as Herbert Spencer

Question 28

Natal

Answer 28

British colony in South Africa; developed after Boer Trek north from Cape Colony; major commercial outpost at Durban

Question 29

Bore Republics

Answer 29

Transvaal and Orange Free State in Southern Africa; established to insert independence of Boers from British colonial government in Cape Colony in 1850s; discovery of diamonds and precious metals caused British migration into the Boer areas in 1860s

Question 30

Cecil Rhodes

Answer 30

British entrepreneur in south Africa around 1900; manipulated political situation in South Africa to gain entry to resources of Boer republics; encouraged Boer War as means of destroying Boer Independence

Question 31

Boer War

Answer 31

Fought between 1899 and 1902 over the continued independence of Boer republics; resulted in British victory, but began the process of decolonization in Southern Africa

Question 32

Captain James Cook

Answer 32

Made voyages to Hawaii from 1777 to 1779 resulting in opening of islands to the West; convinced Kamehameha to establish unified kingdom in the islands

Question 33

Kamehameha I

Answer 33

Fought series of wars backed by British weapons and advisors resulting in unified Hawaiian Kingdom by 1810; as King he promoted economic change encouraging Western merchants to establish export trade in Hawaiian goods