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AP Euro > Chapter 24: 1894-1914 > Flashcards

Chapter 24: 1894-1914 Flashcards

0
Q

Albert Einstein

A

E= MC^2

Theory of Relativity: space and time are not absolute but are relative to the observer

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1
Q

Max Planck

A

Said that a heated body radiates energy irregularly in bursts called “quanta”
Quantum theory

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2
Q

Friedrich Nietzsche

A

Glorified the Irrational
Didn’t believe in god
Hated Christianity
Wanted people to think outside the box

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3
Q

Henri Bergson

A

Believed in the irrational
Thought reason was useful but couldn’t arrive at reality
Thought reality was a whole that could not be broken down and analyze but merely be experienced directly

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4
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

The unconscious mind controlled a persons actions and behaviors
Psychoanalysis

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5
Q

The Ego, the ID, and the Superego

A

ID : the pleasures, lusts, desires & impulses

Ego: reason, reality, the rejection of pleasure for peace

SuperEgo: morals and inhibitions imposed by society and parents

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6
Q

Social Darwinism

A

Society is an evolving organism that is working based on survival of the fittest

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7
Q

Herbert Spencer

A

Preached social darwinism and said that though it may seem harsh that some people are put behind or die because of struggles it is beneficial to society in weeding out the weak

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8
Q

Houston Stewart Chamberlain

A

Preached Volkish thought that only certain people were pure Aryans and that they must be prepared to fight “lower races” such as jews, negroes and orientals

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9
Q

Ernst Renan

A

Questioned the historical accuracy of the bible and presented a very different view of jesus where he is not the son of god

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10
Q

Emile Zola

A

A french naturalist writer who wrote about life in the slums and coalfields was inspired by Darwin

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11
Q

Leo Tolstoy

A

Realistic Russian writer

Wrote War and Peace which was a very descriptive novel about napoleons invasion of Russia

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12
Q

Impressionism

A

Paint directly what you see and feel

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13
Q

Camille Pissarro

A

Founder of impressionism

sought to put into painting the effects of light on objects

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14
Q

Claude Monet

A

Painter particularly enchanted with water

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15
Q

Post-Impressionism

A

Same as impressionism but with an added emphasis on structure and form
Personal statement of reality

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16
Q

Paul Cezanne

A

Sought to express the underlying geometric form and structure of what he painted

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17
Q

Vincent Van Gogh

A

Spiritual experience in art
Loved color
Starry night

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18
Q

Pablo Picasso

A

Painted in a wide variety

Started cubism

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19
Q

Cubism

A

Used geometric designs as visual stimuli to recreate reality in the viewers mind

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20
Q

Wassily Kandinsky

A

Founded abstract painting
Avoid representation altogether
Thought art should speak to the soul
Concentrate on color

21
Q

Abstract Expressionism

A

Color

Art should speak to the soul

22
Q

Igor Stravinsky

A

Ballet composer
Based on russian folktales
Irrational forces in his music

23
Q

Maria Montessori

A 
Was an example of the "new woman"
Broke female traditions
Went to medical school and got a degree
Taught the mentally retarded
Founded a new way of teaching at the students own pace
24
Q

Alfred Dreyfus

A

A french Jew captain in the French General Staff

Convicted of selling army secrets and imprisioned on Devils Island

25
Q

Theodore Herzl

A

Wrote the book The Jewish State

26
Q

Zionism

A

Jewish Nationalist Movement

27
Q

Pan-Slavism/Slavophilism

A

Union of all the slavic people

28
Q

Racial Nationalism

29
Q

Fabian Socialism

A

Movement for laborers

Stressed the need to use the labor classes vote to get benefits for the working class

30
Q

David Lloyd George

A

Created a small welfare system

31
Q

Pan-German League

A

United germans

32
Q

Russo-Japanese War

A

Japanese mad about Russias expansion

Japan won

33
Q

“Bloody Sunday”

A

Troops massacred peaceful worker petition

34
Q

Peter Stolypin

A

Tsar’s chief advisor

Dissolved village ownership of land and opened the door to private owernship

35
Q

“White Mans Burden”

A

The necessary duty of the white men to civilize and help “ignorant brutes” in other countries

36
Q

Cecil Rhodes

A

Was prime minister of the Cape Colony in Africa
Wanted to make colonies from Cape Town to Cairo linked by a railroad
Was forced to resign when he started plotting to overthrow the Boers

37
Q

Boer War

A

Extremists from Britain and Boer territories fought

British won but helped the Boers create their own independent government

38
Q

Suez Canal

A

The British lifeline to India

Made travel and trade much much faster

39
Q

“Open Door” Policy

A

One country would not restrict the commerce of the other countries in its sphere of influence in China

40
Q

Claude Debussy

41
Q

Emeline Pankhurst

A

Womens rights activist

Used violence

42
Q

Indian National Congress

43
Q

Bismarkian System

A

System of alliances to maintain peace

44
Q

Congress of Berlin

A

Decided Russia wouldn’t get a certain territory

45
Q

Triple Alliance

A

Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy

46
Q

Emperor William (Wilhelm) III

A

Emperor of Germany

Dismissed Bismarck

47
Q

Triple Entente

A

Britain, France and Russia

48
Q

Marie Curie

A

Scientist who discovered radiation

49
Q

Balkan Crises

A

Fight over Balkan territories

Serbs were mad

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