Chapter 24 Flashcards
Emergency Treatment For Oral Diseases and Injuries
What is the correct emergency treatment for a periodontal abscess?
gently probe the affected area with a scaler to establish drainage
If a patient reports to the dental clinic after hours with a toothache, what step should the duty HM take first?
notify the duty dental officer
Fractured teeth can involve what areas of a tooth?
enamel, dentin, pulp, and root
Acute pulpitis is an inflammation of the pulp usually due to injury from dental caries or trauma.
Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or cavities, occurs when bacterial processes damage hard tooth structures (enamel, dentin and cementum,
A periapical abscess (Figs. 24-1 and 24-2) usually results from an infection of the pulpal tissue causing the pulp to become necrotic (die).
Extensive swelling is called cellulitis.
Swelling that is confined to a small area at the site of a sinus tract is called a gumboil.
Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gingival tissue. Marginal gingivitis is a relatively mild inflammation of the borders of the gingival tissue.
Periodontal diseases are a group of diseases that affect the periodontium that support and anchor the teeth.
Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gingival tissue. Marginal gingivitis is a relatively mild inflammation of the borders of the gingival tissue. Sometimes the inflammation is localized; it may exist around one, two, or a group of teeth.
Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) is a severe infection of the gingival tissue, commonly referred to as trenchmouth.
Periodontitis involves progressive loss of the alveolar bone around the teeth, and if left untreated can lead to the loosening and subsequent loss of teeth. It usually results from untreated marginal gingivitis.
periodontal abscess is caused by an infection of the periodontal tissues. It is usually the result of a long-continued irritation by food debris, deep deposits of calculus or a foreign object packed in the sulcus
Pericoronitis is an inflammation of the gingiva around a partially erupted tooth. During eruption the tooth breaks through the gingiva tissue and sometimes a small flap of tissue remains over the crown of the tooth.
Pericoronitis most often affects mandibular third molars (Teeth #17 & #32).
“Stomatitis” is a general term used to denote inflammation of the oral mucosa. Two types of stomatitis are common in dentistry; they are herpetic gingivostomatitis and aphthous stomatitis (canker sore).
Postextraction hemorrhage may occur any time from a few hours to several days after the extraction of a tooth. The bleeding from the extraction site may be light or heavy. Any form of hemorrhage is considered serious, so inform the dentist as soon as possible.
Postextraction alveolar osteitis is a condition commonly referred to as a “dry socket”. It’s a common occurrence following the surgical removal of mandibular molars, occurring in 20% to 25% of patients.
It’s rarely observed in the maxilla.
Treatment:Gently rinse the socket with a warm saline solution,Cut a small strip of iodoform gauze (approx. 2-3 inches),Moisten iodoform gauze with eugenol,Blot the gauze dry on a 2 × 2 gauze pad
Place the strip of iodoform gauze loosely in the socket with cotton forceps (do not exert pressure on the socket)
Instruct the patient to return the next day for a dressing change
Type I: Enamel Fracture: Rough or sharp area on a toothA slight chip or fracture of the tooth enamel layer only, or No exposure of the dentin or pulp
Type II: Enamel/Dentin Fracture: Extensive fracture involving the enamel and dentin layers. No pulp exposure
(Type III: Enamel/Dentin Fracture with Pulp Exposure: Very rough or sharp edges, Extensive fracture with the pulp ex *Possible bleeding from the pulp
(Type III: Enamel/Dentin Fracture with Pulp Exposure Treatment:splint rather than a crown form is placed on the tooth,mixture of zinc oxide and eugenol
