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‱‱ > Chapter 24 > Flashcards

Chapter 24 Flashcards

1
Q

Define oncogenic

A

Cancer-causing

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2
Q

Define teratogenic

A

Can cross placenta and cause damage to fetus

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3
Q

What are the DNA enveloped viruses?

A

Poxviridae, Herpesviridae, and Hepadnaviridae

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4
Q

What are the DNA naked viruses?

A

Adenoviridae, Papillomaviridae, Parvoviridae

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5
Q

What are the RNA naked viruses?

A

Picornaviridae, Caliciviridae, Hepeviridae. Reoviridae

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6
Q

What is caused by Poxviridae?

A

Smallpox and molluscum contagiosum

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7
Q

What is smallpox?

A

A DNA enveloped virus, which has now been eradicated by vaccine. Causes rash

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8
Q

Reservoir of smallpox?

A

Human

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9
Q

Transmission of smallpox?

A

Respiratory

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10
Q

Family of smallpox?

A

Poxviridae

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11
Q

Types of smallpox?

A

Variola major and variola minor

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12
Q

Last case of Variola major?

A

1975, Bangladesh

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13
Q

Last case of Variola minor?

A

1977, Somalia

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14
Q

Who is Jenner/what is he associated with?

A

Cowpox/smallpox

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15
Q

What is molluscum contagiosum?

A

Monkeypox and cowpox

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16
Q

What is Herpesviridae?

A

A DNA enveloped virus.

8 different types (2 are combined for our class, so 7 separate kinds)

Lasts forever, latent, can reactivate

17
Q

What is HHV-1?

A

Cold sores. Spread via saliva. Trigeminal/cranial nerve #5, can reactivate on lips or eyes

Can cause encephalitis in babies

18
Q

What is Herpetic kratitis?

A

Herpes in eye

19
Q

What is Herpes labialis?

A

Cold sores

20
Q

What is HHV-2?

A

Genital herpes. Sexual transmission
Sacral/lumbar region latency
Can be spread without visual lesions.

21
Q

What do HSV-1 and HSV-2 have in common?

A

Both can be reactivated by stress, fever, injury, and UV radiation. And both can damage a baby, requiring C-section

22
Q

What is HHV-3?

A

VZV, or Varicella-Zoster virus.
Varicella - chickenpox
Zoster - shingles
DNA enveloped virus
Vaccine exists!
Chickenpox is a prerequisite for shingles
Rash - trunk -> head -> extremities

23
Q

What type of pox is not a Poxviridae?

A

Chickenpox, it is a Herpes

24
Q

How is chickenpox/shingles transmitted?

A

Respiratory/reactivation

25
Q

What is HHV-4?

A

EBV, or Epstein-Barr virus.
DNA enveloped virus
Causes infectious mono and Burkitt’s lymphoma
Spread via saliva
By mid-life, 90-95% people have been exposed

26
Q

What is infectious mononucleosis?

A

AKA kissing disease, causes EBV or Epstein-Barr virus. Caused by HHV-4 Latent in B cells. Fever, sore throat, spontaneous recovery 2-3wks

27
Q

What is Burkitt’s lymphoma?

A

Caused by HHV-4. Cancers of lymphoid origin. Occurs due to coinfection of mono and another infection. Common in African children 4-8 y/o

28
Q

What is HHV-5?

A

CMV, or cytomegalovirus
DNA enveloped virus
Mono-like symptoms, congenital abnormalities
Spreads through ANY bodily fluids
Cells grow large
80% of adults in U.S. have antibody

29
Q

What is HHV-6 and HHV-7?

A

DNA enveloped virus. Causes roseola. Fever, rash in babies 2-12 months. Latent in B + T Cells

30
Q

What is HHV-8?

A

AKA KSHV, or Kapsosi’s sarcoma. DNA enveloped virus. Sexual transmission. Causes purple patches all over skin from collection of RBCs. Common cause of cancer in AIDS patients, became more aggro due to weakened immune systems

31
Q

What is Hepadnaviridae?

A

DNA enveloped virus. Causes HBV/Hepatitis B
Replicates in liver
Many forms of transmission
Causes cancer of liver
Jaundice, rash, etc.
3 doses of vaccine prevent it
Blood, sex, vertical transmission

32
Q

What is Adenoviridae?

A

DNA naked virus.
Causes adenoviruses.
Some respiratory, some fecal-oral

33
Q

What is Papillomaviridae?

A

DNA naked virus
Causes HPV
Direct contact transmission
Warts (seed, plantar, genital)
16 and 18 cause cancer
Cervical and penile cancer, pap smear for women
14mil new cases/yr

34
Q

What is vaccination for HPV like?

A

3 vaccines exist, but Gardasil 9 is the only one still used in the U.S.
Harald Hausen linked HPV 16 and 18 with cancer

35
Q

Scientists of this chapter?

A

Harald Hausen - HPV 16 and 18 with cancer
Jenner - smallpox/cowpox

36
Q

What is Parvoviridae?

A

DNA naked virus. Single-stranded!
Also called B19
Causes erythema infectiosum
Fifth disease
Slapped cheek syndrome
Can lead to hydrops fetalis - death/abortion of fetus
Respiratory/transplacental transmission

‱‱ (20 decks)

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