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Health Assessment > Chapter 23 > Flashcards

Chapter 23 Flashcards

1
Q

Abduction

A

Moving a body part away from an axis or the median line

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2
Q

Adduction

A

Moving a body part toward the center or toward the median line

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3
Q

Ankylosis

A

Immobility, consolidation, and fixation of a joint because of disease, injury, or surgery; most often due to chronic rheumatoid arthritis

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4
Q

Ataxia

A

Inability to perform coordinated movements

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5
Q

Bursa

A

Enclosed sac filled with viscous fluid located in joint areas of potential friction

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6
Q

Circumduction

A

Moving the arm in a circle around the shoulder

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7
Q

Crepitation

A

Dry crackling sound or sensation due to grating of the ends of damaged bone

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8
Q

Dorsal

A

Directed toward or located on the surface

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9
Q

Dupuytren contracture

A

Flexion contracture of the fingers due to chronic hyperplasia of the palmar fascia

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10
Q

Eversion

A

Moving the sole of the foot outward at the ankle

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11
Q

Extension

A

Straightening a limb at a joint

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12
Q

Flexion

A

Bending a limb at a joint

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13
Q

Ganglion

A

Round, cystic, nontender nodule overlying a tendon sheath or joint capsule, usually on dorsum of wrist

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14
Q

Hallux valgus

A

Lateral or outward deviation of the great toe

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15
Q

Inversion

A

Moving the sole of the foot inward at the ankle

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16
Q

Kyphosis

A

Outward or convex curvature curvature of the thoracic spine; hunchback

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17
Q

Ligament

A

Fibrous band running directly from one bone to another bone that strengthens the joint

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18
Q

Lordosis

A

Inward or concave curvature of the lumbar spine

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19
Q

Nucleus pulposus

A

Center of the intervertebral disks

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20
Q

Olecranon process

A

Bony projection of the ulna at the elbow

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21
Q

Patella

A

Kneecap

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22
Q

Plantar

A

refers to the surface of the sole of the foot

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23
Q

Pronation

A

Turning the forearm so that the palm is down

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24
Q

Protraction

A

Moving a body part forward and parallel to the ground

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25
Q

Range of Motion (ROM)

A

Extent of movement of a joint

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26
Q

Retraction

A

Moving a body part backward and parallel to the ground

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27
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Chronic systemic inflammatory disease of joints and surrounding connective tissue

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28
Q

Sciatica

A

Nerve pain along the course of the sciatic nerve that travels down from the back or thigh through the leg and into the feet

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29
Q

Scoliosis

A

S-shaped curvature of the thoracic spine

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30
Q

Supination

A

Turning the forearm so that the palm is up

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31
Q

Talipes equinovarus

A

“clubfoot” Congenital deformity of the foot in which it is plantar flexed and inverted

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32
Q

Tendon

A

Strong fibrous cord that attaches a skeletal muscle to a bone

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33
Q

Torticollis

A

Wryneck; contraction of the cervical neck muscles, producing torsion of the neck

34
Q

During assessment of the spine the patient would be asked to:

A

Flex
Extend
Abduct
Rotate

35
Q

Pronation and supination of the hand and forearm are the result of articulation of the:

A

Radius and ulna

36
Q

Anterior and posterior stability are provided to the knee joint by the:

A

Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

37
Q

What is a common curvature of the spine in an aging adult?

A

Kyphosis

38
Q

Examination of the shoulder of the shoulder includes 4 motion. These are:

A

Forward flexion, internal rotation, abduction, and external rotation

39
Q

The bulge sign is a test for:

A

Swelling in the suprapatellar pouch

40
Q

The examiner measures a patient’s legs for length discrepancy. Which is normal finding?

A

Within 1 cm of each other

41
Q

A common finding for a 2 year old child regarding the abdomen

A

Lordosis

42
Q

A positive Phalen test and Tinel sign are indicators of

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

43
Q

When assessing an infant, the examiner completes the Ortolani maneuver by:

A

Gently lifting and abducting the infant’s flexed knees while palpating the greater trochanter with fingers

44
Q

Hematopoiesis takes place in which of the following?

A

Bone marrow

45
Q

Fibrous bands running directly from one bone to another that strengthen the joint and help prevent movement is undesirable directions are known as:

A

Ligaments

46
Q

C-shaped curvature of the spine of an infant. Normal/Abnormal

A

Normal

S-shaped doesn’t develop until 1 year

47
Q

BMD

A

Bone mineral density

48
Q

What does a low BMD value mean?

A

A strong and consistent predictor of fracture

49
Q

RA involves ____ joints

A

Symmetric

50
Q

A patient who has recently been outside, presents with joint pain and stiffness. What should the nurse ask/assess

A

Recent tick bite - assess for Lyme Disease

51
Q

Myalgia

A

Muscle pain

52
Q

Functional assessment includes:

A 
Bathing
Toileting
Dressing
Grooming
Eating
Mobility
Communicating
53
Q

Drinking alcohol increases ____ risk

A

Fall risk

54
Q

Smoking increases

A

Bone loss

55
Q

How often should a patient get a BMD screening?

A

Every 2 years

56
Q

Articular disease

A

Injury to the inside of the joint capsule

57
Q

Extra-articular disease

A

Injury to a specific tendon, ligament, or nerve

58
Q

A positive Thomas test would be:

A

When flexing one knee to the chest, there is a flexion deformity in the opposite hip

59
Q

What two signs would present in a patient with fluid in the knee joint?

A

Bulge sign

Ballottement

60
Q

Irregular bony margins occur with:

A

Osteoarthritis

61
Q

A patient report popping, and giving way to the knee what test would you preform?

A

Mcmurray Test

62
Q

A “click” when performing the Mcmarray test indicates ___ ___

A

Torn meniscus

63
Q

Ottawa Knee Rules

A

Isolated pain of patella or head of fibula
More than 55 years old
Cannot flew knee 90 degrees
Cannot bear weight more than 4 steps

64
Q

Hallux Valgus

A

Distal part of the great toe is directed away from the body midline

65
Q

Plantar fasciitis

A

Localized tenderness under heel where fascia is torn

66
Q

Symptoms of a herniated nucleus pulposus

A

Lateral tilting

Forward bending

67
Q

Chronic axial skeletal pain occurs with _____ ______

A

Fibromyalgia syndrome

68
Q

Lasegue’s Test

A

Maneuver that reproduces back and leg pain that helps confirm the presence of sciatica and herniated nucleus pulposus

69
Q

What test would you use to screen an infant’s fine and gross motor skills?

A

Denver II test

70
Q

Ortolani maneuver

A

Checks for developmental dysplasia of the hip in an infant

71
Q

Allis test

A

Checks for hip dislocation

72
Q

What characteristic of the infant may indicate spina bifida

A

A tuft of hair over a dimple in the midline

73
Q

Genu Varum

A

“Bow-legged”

Occurs with: Rickets

74
Q

Genu Valgum

A

“Knocked-Knees”

Occurs with: Rickets, Poliomyelitis, and Syphilis

75
Q

FRAX algorithm

A

Help determine the percent change of you getting a fracture in the next 10 years

76
Q

What kind of arthritis gets better as the day goes on?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

77
Q

RA increases risk for ___ and ___

A

MI and Stroke

78
Q

Symptoms of RA

A 
Bilateral joints
Fatigue
Weight-loss
Low fever
Lymphadenopathy
79
Q

Symptoms of Ankylosing Spondylitis

A

Kyphosis
Back or buttocks pain
Bony fusion of vertebral joints

80
Q

Symptoms osteoarthritis

A 
Asymmetric joints
Stiffness
Swelling
Bony protuberance
Pain with motion
81
Q

Symptoms of Osteoporosis

A

Decrease in BMD

82
Q

Osteoporosis occurs with

A

Postmenopausal women
Smaller heights and weights
Lack of estrogen
Lack of physical activity

Health Assessment (27 decks)

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