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Health Assessment > Chapter 20 > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

Angina pectoria

A

Acute chest pain that occurs when myocardial demand exceeds its O2 supply

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2
Q

Angina pectoria

A

Acute chest pain that occurs when myocardial demand exceeds its O2 supply

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3
Q

Aortic regurgitation

A

(aortic insufficiency) Incompetent aortic valve that allows backward flow of blood into the left ventricle during diastole

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4
Q

Aortic stenosis

A

Calcification of aortic valve cusps that restricts forward flow of blood during systole

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5
Q

Aortic valve

A

The left semilunar valve separating the left ventricle and the aorta

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6
Q

Apex of the heart

A

Tip of the heart pointing down toward the 5th left intercostal space

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7
Q

Apical impulse

A

Point of maximal impulse created by the left ventricle

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8
Q

Base of the heart

A

Broader area of heart’s outline at the 3rd right and left intercostal spaces

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9
Q

Bell of the Stethoscope

A

Cup-shaped end piece used for soft, low-pitched heart sounds

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10
Q

Bradycardia

A

Slow heart rate, less that 50 beats per minute in the adult

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11
Q

Clubbing

A

Bulbous enlargement of distal phalanges of fingers and toes that occur with chronic cyanotic heart and lung conditions

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12
Q

Coarctation of aorta

A

Severe narrowing of the descending aorta, a congenital heart defect

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13
Q

Cor pulmonale

A

Right ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure die to pulmonary hypertension

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14
Q

Cyanosis

A

Dusky blue mottling of the skin and mucous membranes due to excessive amount of reduced hemoglobin in the blood

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15
Q

Diaphragm

A

Flat end piece of the stethoscope used for hearing relatively high-pitched heart sounds

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16
Q

Diastole

A

The heart’s filling phase

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17
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult, labored breathing

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18
Q

Edema

A

Swelling of legs or dependent body pat die to increased interstitial fluid

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19
Q

Erb’s point

A

Traditional auscultatory area in the 3rd left intercostal space

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20
Q

First Heart Sound (S1)

A

Occurs with the closure of the atrioventricular valves signaling the beginning of systole

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21
Q

Second Heart Sound (S2)

A

Occurs with closure of the semilunar valves, aortic and pulmonic; signals the end of systole

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22
Q

Fourth Heart Sound (S4)

A

S4 gallop, atrial gallop; very soft low pitched ventricular filling sound that occurs in late distole

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23
Q

Gallop rhythm

A

The addition of a 3rd and 4th heart sound; makes the rhythm sound like the cadence of a galloping horse

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24
Q

Inching

A

Technique of moving the stethoscope incrementally across the precordium through the auscultatory areas while listening to the heart sounds

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25
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Increase in thickness of myocardial wall that occurs when the heart pumps against chronic outflow obstruction Ex. Aortic Stenosis
26
Midclavicular Line
Imaginary vertical line bisecting the middle of the clavicle in each hemithorax
27
Mitral stenosis
Calcification of mitral valve impedes forward flow of blood into the left ventricle during diastole
28
Mitral Regurgitation
Mitral insufficiency; incompetent mitral valve allows regurgitation of blood back into left atrium during systole
29
Mitral valve
Left atrioventricular valve seperating the left atrium and ventricle
30
Palpitation
Uncomfortable awareness of rapid and irregular heart rate
31
Paradoxical splitting
Opposite of a normal split S2 so that the slip is heard on expiration and in inspiration the sounds fuse to one sound
32
Pericardial friction rub
High-pitched scratchy extra cardiac sound heard when the precordium is inflamed
33
Physiologic Splitting
Normal variation in S2 heard as 2 separate components during inspiration
34
Precordium
Area of the chest overlying the heart and great vessels
35
Pulmonic regurgitation
Pulmonic insufficiency; back flow of blood through incompetent pulmonic valve into the right ventricle
36
Pulmonic stenosis
Calcification of pulmonic valve that restricts forward flow of blood during systole
37
Aortic regurgitation
(aortic insufficiency) Incompetent aortic valve that allows backward flow of blood into the left ventricle during diastole
38
Aortic stenosis
Calcification of aortic valve cusps that restricts forward flow of blood during systole
39
Aortic valve
The left semilunar valve separating the left ventricle and the aorta
40
Apex of the heart
Tip of the heart pointing down toward the 5th left intercostal space
41
Apical impulse
Point of maximal impulse created by the left ventricle
42
Base of the heart
Broader area of heart's outline at the 3rd right and left intercostal spaces
43
Bell of the Stethoscope
Cup-shaped end piece used for soft, low-pitched heart sounds
44
Bradycardia
Slow heart rate, less that 50 beats per minute in the adult
45
Clubbing
Bulbous enlargement of distal phalanges of fingers and toes that occur with chronic cyanotic heart and lung conditions
46
Coarctation of aorta
Severe narrowing of the descending aorta, a congenital heart defect
47
Cor pulmonale
Right ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure die to pulmonary hypertension
48
Cyanosis
Dusky blue mottling of the skin and mucous membranes due to excessive amount of reduced hemoglobin in the blood
49
Diaphragm
Flat end piece of the stethoscope used for hearing relatively high-pitched heart sounds
50
Diastole
The heart's filling phase
51
Dyspnea
Difficult, labored breathing
52
Edema
Swelling of legs or dependent body pat die to increased interstitial fluid
53
Erb's point
Traditional auscultatory area in the 3rd left intercostal space
54
First Heart Sound (S1)
Occurs with the closure of the atrioventricular valves signaling the beginning of systole
55
Second Heart Sound (S2)
Occurs with closure of the semilunar valves, aortic and pulmonic; signals the end of systole
56
Fourth Heart Sound (S4)
S4 gallop, atrial gallop; very soft low pitched ventricular filling sound that occurs in late distole
57
Gallop rhythm
The addition of a 3rd and 4th heart sound; makes the rhythm sound like the cadence of a galloping horse
58
Inching
Technique of moving the stethoscope incrementally across the precordium through the auscultatory areas while listening to the heart sounds
59
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Increase in thickness of myocardial wall that occurs when the heart pumps against chronic outflow obstruction Ex. Aortic Stenosis
60
Midclavicular Line
Imaginary vertical line bisecting the middle of the clavicle in each hemithorax
61
Mitral stenosis
Calcification of mitral valve impedes forward flow of blood into the left ventricle during diastole
62
Mitral Regurgitation
Mitral insufficiency; incompetent mitral valve allows regurgitation of blood back into left atrium during systole
63
Mitral valve
Left atrioventricular valve seperating the left atrium and ventricle
64
Palpitation
Uncomfortable awareness of rapid and irregular heart rate
65
Paradoxical splitting
Opposite of a normal split S2 so that the slip is heard on expiration and in inspiration the sounds fuse to one sound
66
Pericardial friction rub
High-pitched scratchy extra cardiac sound heard when the precordium is inflamed
67
Physiologic Splitting
Normal variation in S2 heard as 2 separate components during inspiration
68
Precordium
Area of the chest overlying the heart and great vessels
69
Pulmonic regurgitation
Pulmonic insufficiency; back flow of blood through incompetent pulmonic valve into the right ventricle
70
Pulmonic stenosis
Calcification of pulmonic valve that restricts forward flow of blood during systole
71
Pulmonic valve
Right semilunar valve separating the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
72
Summation Gallop
Abnormal mid-diastolic heart sound heard when both the pathologic S3 and S4 are present
73
Syncope
Temporary loss of consciousness due to decreased cerebral blood flow (fainting); caused by ventricular asystole, pronounced bradycardia or ventricular fibrillation
74
Systole
The heart's pumping phase
75
Tachycardia
Rapid heart rate, greater than 95 beats per minute in the adult
76
Third Heart Sound (S3)
Soft low-pitched ventricular filling sound that occurs in early diastole and may be an early sign of heart failure
77
Thrill
Palpable vibration on the chest wall accompanying severe heart murmur
78
Tricuspid valve
Right atrioventricular valve separating the right atrium and ventricle

Health Assessment (27 decks)

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