Chapter 15 Flashcards
Accomadation
Adaptation of the eyes for near vision by increasing the curvature of the lens
Anisocoria
Un equal pupil size
Arcus senilis
Gray-white arc or circle around the limbus of the iris that is common in aging
Argyll Robertson pupil
Pupil does not react to light does constrict with accommodation
Astigmatism
Refractive error of vision due to differences in curvature in refractive surfaces of the eye (cornea and lens)
A-V Crossing
Crossing paths of an artery and vein in the ocular fundus
Bitemporal hemianopsia
Loss of both temporal visual feilds
Blepharitis
Inflammation of the glands and eyelash follicles along the margin of the eyelids
Cataract
Opacity of the lens of the eye that develops slowly with aging and gradually obstructs vision
Chalazion
Infection or retention cyst of a meibomian gland, showing as a beady nodule on the eyelid
Conjunctivist
Infection of the conjunctiva “pinkeye”
Cotton wool area
Abnormal soft exudates visible as gray-white areas on the ocular fundus
Cup-to-disc ratio
Ratio of the width of the physiologic cup to the width of the optic disc, normally half or less
Diopter
Unit of strength of the lens settings on the ophthalmoscope that changes focus on the eye structures
Diplopia
Double vision
Drusen
Benign deposits on the ocular fundus that shows as round yellow dots and occur commonly with aging
Ectropion
Lower eyelid loose and rolling outward
Entropion
Lower eyelid rolling inward
Exophthalmus
Protruding eyeballs
Fovea
Area of keenest vision at the center of the macula on the ocular fundus
Glaucoma
A group of eye diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure
Hordeolum
(stye) Red, painful pustule that is a localized infection on hair follicle at eyelid margin
Lid lag
Abnormal white rims of sclera visible between the upper eyelid and the iris when a person moves the eyes downwards
Macula
Round darker area of the ocular fundus that mediates vision inly form the central visual field
Microaneurysm
Abnormal finding of round red dots n the ocular fundus that are localized dilations of small vessels
Miosis
Constricted pupils
Mydriasis
Dilated pupils
Myopia
Nearsighted; refractive error in which near vision is better than far vision
Nystagmus
Involuntary, rapid, rhythmic movement of the eyeball
Optic atrophy
Pallor of the optic disc die to partial or complete death of optic nerve
Optic disc
Area of ocular fundus in which blood vessels exit and enter
Papilledema
Stasis of blood flow out of the ocular fundus; sign of increased intracranial pressure
Presbyopia
Decrease in power of accommodation that occurs with aging
Pterygium
Triangular opaque tissue on the nasal side of the conjunctiva that grows toward the center of the cornea
Ptosis
Drooping of upper eyelid over the iris and possibly covering the pupil
Red Reflex
Red glow that appears to fill the person’s pupil when first visualized through the ophthalmoscope
Strabismus
(squint, crossed eye) Disparity of the eye axes
Xanthelasma
Soft, raised yellow plaques occurring on the skin at the inner corners of the eyes
