CHAPTER 23

Question 1

Most organic chemistry involves substituents which are _______________

Answer 1

Groups attached to hydrocarbon chains

Question 2

The substituents of organic molecules often contain __________________ they are called ____________ because they are the chemicaly functional parts of the molecules

Answer 2

Oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus
Functional groups

Question 3

What are alkyl halides?

Answer 3

Halocarbons in which a halogen is attached to a carbon of an aliphatic chain

Question 4

The __________ atoms attached to the alkyl group determines whether the carbon is primary, secondary, or tertiary

Answer 4

Number of carbon

Question 5

Halocarbons in which a halogen is attached to a carbon of arene ring are called _____________

Answer 5

Aryl halides

Question 6

The more highly halogenated organic compounds have ___________ boiling points

Answer 6

Higher

Question 7

Alcohols and alkyl halides are classified as _____________ according to their “degree of substitution”

Answer 7

Primary, secondary, tertiary

Question 8

Degree of substitution is determined by counting the number of ________ directly attached to the carbon that beats the halogen or hydroxyl group.

Answer 8

Carbon atoms

Question 9

Organic reactions commonly involve the breaking of ________________

Answer 9

Relatively strong covalent strong covalent bonds

Question 10

A common type of organic reaction is a ______________ in which an atom or group of atoms replaces another atom or group of atoms

Answer 10

Substitution reaction

Question 11

The chemical reactions of most organic compounds involve _______ groups

Answer 11

Functional

Question 12

Functional groups are the chemically _________ parts of an organic molecule

Answer 12

Reactive

Question 13

Common functional groups include the double and triple carbon carbon bonds of __________ and ________ respectively

Answer 13

Alkenes
Alkyns

Question 14

________ are a class of organic compounds containing one or more covalently bonded halogen atoms

Answer 14

Halocarbons

Question 15

A common type of organic reaction is a _______ reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms

Answer 15

Substitution

Question 16

For example treating methane with bromine in the presence of a catalyst causes the substitution of a ______ atom with a _______ atom

Answer 16

Hydrogen
Bromine

Question 17

Similarly halogens on carbon chains are readily replaced by hydroxide ions to produce an _____ and a ______

Answer 17

Alcohol
Halide ion

Question 18

T or F a functional group is a specific arrangement of atoms in an organic compound that is capable of characteristic reactions

Answer 18

True

Question 19

T or F many halocarbons are in nature

Answer 19

Sometimes true

Question 20

T or F a product of a substitution reaction is a hydrogen halide

Answer 20

Sometimes true

Question 21

T or F the common name of CH3CH2CH2Br is propylene bromide

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Functional group

Answer 22

A specific arrangement of atoms in an organic compound that is capable of characteristic chemical reactions

Question 23

Alkyl halide

Answer 23

CH3CH2CH2CH2I

Question 24

Substitution reaction

Answer 24

The reaction of chlorine with ethane to produce ethyl chloride and hydrogen chloride

Question 25

Aryl halides

Answer 25

A class of organic compounds in which one or more halogen atoms are joined to a carbon of an arene ring