CHAPTER 22.5

Question 1

Much of the world’s energy is supplied by ___________

Answer 1

Burning fossil fuels

Question 2

Fossil fuels are __________ because they are__________________________

Answer 2

Carbon-based
Derived from the decay of organisms

Question 3

Typically natural gas is composed of about

Answer 3

About 80% methane
10% ethane
4% propane
2%butane

Question 4

Propane and butane are separated from the other gases in natural gas by ___________________

Answer 4

Liquefaction and sold in pressurized tanks as liquid Petroleum gas

Question 5

Oxygen is necessary for the efficient combustion of a hydrocarbon. If there is not enough O² available, the combustion is ___________

Answer 5

Incomplete

Question 6

Complete combustion gives off a _________ flame. Incomplete combustion gives a _________ flame

Answer 6

Blue
Yellow

Question 7

Most of the hydrocarbons in Petroleum are ________________

Answer 7

Straight chain and branched chain alkanes

Question 8

Petroleum also contains small amounts of?

Answer 8

Aromatic compounds, as well as sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen containing organic compounds

Question 9

What is cracking?

Answer 9

Cracking is a controlled process by which hydrocarbons are broken down or rearranged into smaller more usefull molecules

Question 10

The first stage in coal formation is known as

Answer 10

Peat

Question 11

What is peat?

Answer 11

Peat Is a soft, brown, spongy fibrous material with a very High water content

Question 12

After a long period of time, peat loses most of its fibrous texture and becomes _____ or ______

Answer 12

Lignite
Brown coal

Question 13

Continued pressure and heat slowly change lignite into _______ or ________

Answer 13

Bituminous or soft coal

Question 14

In some regions of earth’s crust, even greater pressures have been exerted, in those places soft coal has been change into __________ or __________

Answer 14

Anthracite or hard coal

Question 15

Coke is the ___________________ left after coal distillation

Answer 15

Solid material

Question 16

Coal gas consists mainly of?

Answer 16

Hydrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide

Question 17

Coal tar can be distilled further into

Answer 17

Benzene, toluene, napthalene, phenol, and pitch

Question 18

The three fossil fuels are ______, Petroleum and _______

Answer 18

Natural
Coal

Question 19

The majority of natural gas, about 80 percent is _______

Answer 19

Methane

Question 20

Most of the hydrocarbons in Petroleum and natural gases are ______ hydrocarbons

Answer 20

Aliphate

Question 21

Petroleum is refined by ______ it into fractions according to _______

Answer 21

Distillation
Boiling points

Question 22

Coal is produced when peat, which is derived from plant material, changes to _____, or brown coal this in turn becomes _______, or soft coal then _______ or hard coal.

Answer 22

Ligmite
Bituminous
Anthracite

Question 23

Coal is made up largely of condensed ________ compounds

Answer 23

Aromatic

Question 24

T or F carbon monoxide is the product of the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon

Answer 24

False

Question 25

T or F natural gas is composed mostly of aromatic hydrocarbons

Answer 25

False

Question 26

T or F among the various types of coal, Anthracite has the highest carbon content

Answer 26

True

Question 27

T or F hydrocarbons produce carbon monoxide when burned

Answer 27

Sometimes true

Question 28

Cracking

Answer 28

Process by which hydrocarbons are broken down into smaller molecules

Question 29

Petroleum

Answer 29

Fossil fuel containing straight and branched chain alkanes

Question 30

Distillation

Answer 30

Process by which Petroleum is separated into fractions

Question 31

Lignite

Answer 31

Brown coal, consisting of about 50 percent carbon

Question 32

Anthracite

Answer 32

Hard coal, which is high in carbon content