Chapter 22 Flashcards
injection safety measures
adhere to protocols for infection control
one needle, one syringe, one patient
use single does vials when possible
what are the different forms of syringes?
standard hypodermic
insulin
tuberculin
prefilled
what should you do if the patients information/identifiers do not match?
STOP, and get the appropriate corrections before continuing
most common intravenous injection sites
median cubital, cephalic, basilic
what types of drugs are introduces using the intravenous route?
contrast, chemotherapy, most emergency drugs
most commonly used intramuscular injection sites
deltoid muscle
vastus lateralis
gluteus maximus
when is parenteral administration used?
when drug administration by other means would be ineffective or impractical
most commonly used subcutaneous injection sites
anterior thigh
upper back/below scapula
upper arm
abdomen
enteral
within the gastrointestinal tract
angiocath
catheter inserted directly into vein for drug administration
3 parts of the syringe
tip
barrel
plunger
3 methods by IV route
single administration
IV bolus/push
infusion of large volume
transdermal
entering through the skin
all forms of parenteral administration require the use of what?
needle, syringe, container
bolus
concentrated mass of pharmaceutical preparation
3 parts of the needle
hub
cannula/shaft
bevel
topical
applied to a certain area of the skin and affecting only the area to which it is applied
intradermal injection sites are typically where?
medial surface of lower arm, upper back, below scapula
why shouldn’t you leave a patient unattended once a drug has been administered?
patient may experience adverse effects
what are the four different routes of parenteral drugs and which one has immediate onset of action?
intradermal
intramuscular
subcutaneous
intravenous (immediate)
ampule
small sealed glass container that holds a single does of a parenteral solution in a sterile condition
what is the most common method of drug administration and how is it medically termed?
oral (PO)
what is the reason for oral administration?
absorption takes place through the whole GI tract, absorption time is longer
what do enteral routes include?
oral, sublingual, rectal, buccal
extravasion
discharge/escape of fluid from a vessel into the surrounding tissue that can cause localized vasoconstricition
intradermal
within or between the layers of skin
sublingual
beneath the tongue
the small the diameter of the needle, how does the gauge number move?
bigger
what should you do if extravasion occur?
remove the needle, apply pressure, and a heat pack
venipuncture
puncture of a vein
5 rights of drug administration
drug
amount
patient
time
route
precautions that must be followed when determining the right drug to administer?
check the name carefully (3 times), always show container to person administering the drug
intramuscular
within the muscle tissue
what type of device is used when performing venipuncture?
angiocath
parenteral
drug administration by a route other than the GI tract
vial
small glass bottle containing multiple doses of the same drug
how can topical drugs be applied?
lotion, ointment, spray, gel, foam, soak
how do you ensure the right amount of a drug is used?
must be measured carefully and accurately
subcutaneous
beneath the skin
