Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Patient Care > Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Flashcards

1
Q

diseases

A

deviations from or interruptions of the normal structure or function of any part, organ, or system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

prokaryotes

A

cellular organisms that lack a true nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

which transmission based precaution involves patients infected with pathogens that disseminate through the air, and are placed in a negative pressure isolation room?

A

airborne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

two categories of aspesis

A

surgical and medical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

bacteriostatic agent

A

stops bacterial growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

which two blood borne pathogens are of concern within the hospital?

A

Hep B
HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

when are transmission based precautions used?

A

whenever a patient is infected with a pathogenic organism or a communicable disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the steps necessary for an infectious agent to become an infectious disease?

A

chain of infection
encounter
entry
spread
multiplication
damage
outcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

bacteria

A

prokaryotic, ubiquitous, single celled organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

fomite

A

object like a book, word, or clothing that is not harmful but can harbor pathogenic organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pathogens

A

disease producing microorganisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

resevoir

A

alternative or passive host or carrier that harbors pathogenic organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how are fungi distinguished from bacteria?

A

intracellular organelles can be visualized within a fungal cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

when does direst host-to-host transmission occur?

A

an infected individual transmits infection by a number of methods (handholding, coughing, sexual contact)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

exogenously

A

from outside the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is a latent/dormant infection?

A

travel within the nervous system reappearing sporadically and emerge at the nerve ending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

medical aspesis

A

reduction in numbers of infectious agents, decreased probability of infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the incubation period?

A

infectious agents multiply for their impact to be recognized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

nosocomial

A

pertaining to or originating in the hospital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

3 outcomes an infectious agent can result in

A

host gains control
infectious agent gains control
host + infectious agent live in a state of symbiosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

disinfectants

A

chemicals used to free an environment from pathogenic organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

flora

A

microbial community found on or in a healthy person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

blood borne pathogens

A

disease causing microorganisms that may be present in human blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

virion

A

complete viral particle found extracellularly and capable of surviving in crystalline form and infecting a living cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

sterilization

A

complete destruction or elimination of all living microorganisms accomplished by chemical agents, radiation, mechanical or physical methods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

infection

A

invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues

27
Q

when are contact precautions used?

A

caring for a patient infected with a virulent pathogen that spreads by direct contact with the patient or by indirect contact with a contaminated object

28
Q

list the standard precautions

A

handwashing, gloves, PPE, needle recapping sweep

29
Q

which step involves the infectious organism coming in to contact with the host?

A
  1. encounter
30
Q

surgical aspesis

A

prevent contamination by microbes and endospores before, during, or after surgery

31
Q

iatrogenic

A

resulting from the activities of physicians

32
Q

why are viruses not able to live outside a living cell?

A

lack components necessary for their own survival because of their inability to synthesize specific required proteins

33
Q

3 general morphologies of bacteria

A

cocci/spheres
bacilli/rods
spirals

34
Q

protozoa are classified according to their…?

A

motility

35
Q

when is a host said to have a disease?

A

only when the infection results in injury to the host

36
Q

examples of vector

A

usually an arthropod (flea, tick, mosquito)

37
Q

vector

A

carrier, that transfers an infectious agent from one host to another (usually an arthropod)

38
Q

asepsis

A

freedom from infection

39
Q

why are humans a favorable host environment for the growth of microbes?

A

the abundance of organic nutrients and metabolites found within the human body

40
Q

fungi

A

absence of chlorophyll and presence of a rigid cell wall

41
Q

endospores

A

highly resistant resting form of bacteria. metabolically dormant structures

42
Q

morphology

A

size or shape of the bacterium and is routinely determined by a staining technique called gram staining

43
Q

microorganisms

A

microscopic organisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa)

44
Q

4 basic infectious agents

A

bacteria, fungi, protozoan parasites, fungi

45
Q

heathcare associated infection

A

patients acquire while they are receiving treatment for another healthcare issue

46
Q

phagocytosis

A

removing foreign particles, engulfing an destroying them

47
Q

list examples of how an infectious microbe gains entry through ingression, and examples of penetration

A

ingression = ingestion, contaminated food, or water
penetration = tissue cuts or wounds

48
Q

how are fungi classified?

A

according to the type and method of sexual reproduction

49
Q

endogenously

A

from inside the body

50
Q

bactericidal agent

A

kills cells

51
Q

examples of fomite

A

inanimate object that has been in contact with an infectious organism

52
Q

what must exist for the infections to be transmitted?

A

chain of infection

53
Q

eukaryotes

A

organisms whose cells have a true nucleus

54
Q

protozoa

A

subkingdom comprising the simplest organisms of the animal kingdom

55
Q

3 functions pathogens have the ability to do

A

multiply in large numbers
cause tissue damage
secrete organic substances called exotoxins

56
Q

term used when a person serves as a resevoir

A

carrier

57
Q

when should standard precautions be used?

A

performing procedures that may require contact with blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, mucous membranes, and non intact skin

58
Q

examples of infections that require droplet precautions

A

rubella, mumps, influenza, adenovirus

59
Q

4 different classifications for diseases caused by fungi

A

superficial
cutaneous
subcutaneous
systemic

60
Q

viruses

A

minute infectious agents characterized by lack of independent metabolism and ability to replicate only in living host cells

61
Q

host

A

animal/plant that harbors or nourishes another organism

62
Q

single most important means of preventing the spread of infection

A

handwashing

63
Q

what causes infectious diseases?

A

pathogenic microorganisms

Patient Care (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions