Chapter 21

Question 1

what is the major complication of anti-platelet drugs?

Answer 1

bleeding

Question 2

what are statins?

Answer 2

typically the drug of choice to treat hyperlipidemia

Question 3

what are the two major groups of antihistamines? examples?

Answer 3

sedating and non sedating
diphenhydramine, fexofenadine

Question 4

what do antiemetics do?

Answer 4

prevent + treat nausea and vomiting
compazine, zofran

Question 5

the only treatment for type 1 diabetes?

Answer 5

insulin

Question 6

what happens after abrupt discontinuation of antidepressants?

Answer 6

withdrawl effects, discontinuation syndrome

Question 7

different uses for antianxiety agents

Answer 7

muscle spasms, seizures, alcohol detoxification

Question 8

when is general anesthesia used?

Answer 8

patients undergoing major surgical procedures

Question 9

what classifications of drugs relieve pain without causing LOC and what two groups can they be divided into?

Answer 9

analgesics
non opioids and opioids

Question 10

which schedule drug has high potential for abuse and accepted medical use in the US?

Answer 10

schedule 2, cocaine, dilaudid, methamphetamine

Question 11

which schedule drug has high potential for abuse, no accepted medical use in the US, and has lack of accepted safety?

Answer 11

schedule 1, heroin, acid

Question 12

which is a dose form where one or more drugs in small particles are suspended in a liquid carrier?

Answer 12

suspension

Question 13

which is a dose form where one or more drugs are dissolved in a liquid carrier?

Answer 13

solution

Question 14

which allows high concentrations to be deposited in the respiratory mucosa and produces bronchodilation?

Answer 14

inhalant

Question 15

what is a dose form in which a powdered of liquid drug is contained in a gelatin shell?

Answer 15

capsule

Question 16

why are some tablets coated with a substance?

Answer 16

delays dissolution until it is in the small intestines

Question 17

what is the most common oral dose form and one of the easiest to administer?

Answer 17

tablet, powder of granulated drug that has been compressed into a solid disk

Question 18

the dosage forms of a drug refers to what?

Answer 18

type of preparation or the way the chemical agent is transported into the human body

Question 19

according to federal laws, drugs are classified into what two categories?

Answer 19

prescription and nonprescription

Question 20

drugs that have similar chemical actions are grouped into categories called what?

Answer 20

drug families

Question 21

brand name is interchangeable with what other names?

Answer 21

trademark and proprietary

Question 22

which name of a drug is never capitalized and what is another name for it?

Answer 22

generic name, nonproprietary

Question 23

what is the first name to be applied to a drug and what does it identify?

Answer 23

chemical name

Question 24

what are the 3 different names given to the same drug?

Answer 24

chemical
generic
trade/brand

Question 25

what is nomenclature?

Answer 25

classified system of names

Question 26

vasodilators

Answer 26

drugs that cause dilation of the blood vessels

Question 27

vasoconstrictors

Answer 27

drugs that cause constriction of the blood vessels

Question 28

tolerance

Answer 28

state of adaptation in response to drug exposure that results in a decrease of one or more of the drugs effects over time

Question 29

therapeutic

Answer 29

pertaining to the art of healing

Question 30

side effect

Answer 30

consequence other than the one for which a drug is used

Question 31

physical dependence

Answer 31

adaptation exhibited by a withdrawal syndrome specific to a class of drugs and that may be produced by cessation, rapid reduction, or administration of an antagonist

Question 32

pharmacology

Answer 32

study of drugs and their origin, nature, properties, and effects on living organisms

Question 33

pharmacokinetics

Answer 33

study of the metabolism and action of drugs with the particular emphasis on the time required for absorption, distribution, and method of excretion

Question 34

peristalsis

Answer 34

waves of contraction that propel contents through the GI tract

Question 35

opioids

Answer 35

natural or synthetic that have pain relief activity

Question 36

narrow therapeutic index drugs

Answer 36

drugs for which small changes in dose or blood concentration can cause serious changes or overdose reactions

Question 37

laxatives

Answer 37

agents that promote evacuation of the bowel

Question 38

inhalant

Answer 38

breathable chemical vapor that may cause systemic and local effects

Question 39

idiosyncratic reaction

Answer 39

response to a drug that is not normative per its intended action or side effects

Question 40

generic name

Answer 40

drug name that usually descriptive of its chemical structure but is not protected as is a brand/trade name

Question 41

drug

Answer 41

any substance that when taken into a living organism, may modify one or more functions

Question 42

diuretics

Answer 42

drugs that promote the excretion of urine

Question 43

contraindicators

Answer 43

conditions that render the administration of some drug or some particular line of treatment improper or undesirable

Question 44

bronchodilators

Answer 44

drugs that cause expansion of the lumina of the air passages of the lungs

Question 45

atherosclerosis

Answer 45

thickening of the wall of a blood vessel occurs because of the deposition of plaque

Question 46

anticholingerics

Answer 46

drugs that block the passage of impulses through the parasympathetic nerves

Question 47

antagonist

Answer 47

drug that binds to the receptor and completely or partially blocks the activation of a biological response

Question 48

anesthetics

Answer 48

agents that reversibly depress neuronal function, producing loss of ability to perceive pain and sensations

Question 49

analgesics

Answer 49

drugs that relieve pain without LOC

Question 50

agonist

Answer 50

drug that binds and activates the receptor to trigger and enhance an intended response

Question 51

what kind of medicine is furosemide and what is it associated with?

Answer 51

diuretic, CHF

Question 52

nitroglycerin is what kind of drug?

Answer 52

vasodilator

Question 53

ibuprofen is an example of what kind of drug?

Answer 53

NSAID

Question 54

which drugs affect the endocrine system and what is their most important clinical funtion?

Answer 54

hormones, replacement therapy

Question 55

all NSAID's can cause what?

Answer 55

stroke, MI, fatal cardiovascular events

Question 56

4 levels of sedation

Answer 56

minimal sedation moderate sedation deep sedation general anesthesia

Question 57

4 basic factors which influence the movement of a drug

Answer 57

absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion