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Patient Care > Chapter 21 > Flashcards

Chapter 21 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the major complication of anti-platelet drugs?

A

bleeding

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2
Q

what are statins?

A

typically the drug of choice to treat hyperlipidemia

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3
Q

what are the two major groups of antihistamines? examples?

A

sedating and non sedating
diphenhydramine, fexofenadine

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4
Q

what do antiemetics do?

A

prevent + treat nausea and vomiting
compazine, zofran

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5
Q

the only treatment for type 1 diabetes?

A

insulin

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6
Q

what happens after abrupt discontinuation of antidepressants?

A

withdrawl effects, discontinuation syndrome

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7
Q

different uses for antianxiety agents

A

muscle spasms, seizures, alcohol detoxification

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8
Q

when is general anesthesia used?

A

patients undergoing major surgical procedures

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9
Q

what classifications of drugs relieve pain without causing LOC and what two groups can they be divided into?

A

analgesics
non opioids and opioids

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10
Q

which schedule drug has high potential for abuse and accepted medical use in the US?

A

schedule 2, cocaine, dilaudid, methamphetamine

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11
Q

which schedule drug has high potential for abuse, no accepted medical use in the US, and has lack of accepted safety?

A

schedule 1, heroin, acid

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12
Q

which is a dose form where one or more drugs in small particles are suspended in a liquid carrier?

A

suspension

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13
Q

which is a dose form where one or more drugs are dissolved in a liquid carrier?

A

solution

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14
Q

which allows high concentrations to be deposited in the respiratory mucosa and produces bronchodilation?

A

inhalant

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15
Q

what is a dose form in which a powdered of liquid drug is contained in a gelatin shell?

A

capsule

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16
Q

why are some tablets coated with a substance?

A

delays dissolution until it is in the small intestines

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17
Q

what is the most common oral dose form and one of the easiest to administer?

A

tablet, powder of granulated drug that has been compressed into a solid disk

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18
Q

the dosage forms of a drug refers to what?

A

type of preparation or the way the chemical agent is transported into the human body

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19
Q

according to federal laws, drugs are classified into what two categories?

A

prescription and nonprescription

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20
Q

drugs that have similar chemical actions are grouped into categories called what?

A

drug families

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21
Q

brand name is interchangeable with what other names?

A

trademark and proprietary

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22
Q

which name of a drug is never capitalized and what is another name for it?

A

generic name, nonproprietary

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23
Q

what is the first name to be applied to a drug and what does it identify?

A

chemical name

24
Q

what are the 3 different names given to the same drug?

A

chemical
generic
trade/brand

25
Q

what is nomenclature?

A

classified system of names

26
Q

vasodilators

A

drugs that cause dilation of the blood vessels

27
Q

vasoconstrictors

A

drugs that cause constriction of the blood vessels

28
Q

tolerance

A

state of adaptation in response to drug exposure that results in a decrease of one or more of the drugs effects over time

29
Q

therapeutic

A

pertaining to the art of healing

30
Q

side effect

A

consequence other than the one for which a drug is used

31
Q

physical dependence

A

adaptation exhibited by a withdrawal syndrome specific to a class of drugs and that may be produced by cessation, rapid reduction, or administration of an antagonist

32
Q

pharmacology

A

study of drugs and their origin, nature, properties, and effects on living organisms

33
Q

pharmacokinetics

A

study of the metabolism and action of drugs with the particular emphasis on the time required for absorption, distribution, and method of excretion

34
Q

peristalsis

A

waves of contraction that propel contents through the GI tract

35
Q

opioids

A

natural or synthetic that have pain relief activity

36
Q

narrow therapeutic index drugs

A

drugs for which small changes in dose or blood concentration can cause serious changes or overdose reactions

37
Q

laxatives

A

agents that promote evacuation of the bowel

38
Q

inhalant

A

breathable chemical vapor that may cause systemic and local effects

39
Q

idiosyncratic reaction

A

response to a drug that is not normative per its intended action or side effects

40
Q

generic name

A

drug name that usually descriptive of its chemical structure but is not protected as is a brand/trade name

41
Q

drug

A

any substance that when taken into a living organism, may modify one or more functions

42
Q

diuretics

A

drugs that promote the excretion of urine

43
Q

contraindicators

A

conditions that render the administration of some drug or some particular line of treatment improper or undesirable

44
Q

bronchodilators

A

drugs that cause expansion of the lumina of the air passages of the lungs

45
Q

atherosclerosis

A

thickening of the wall of a blood vessel occurs because of the deposition of plaque

46
Q

anticholingerics

A

drugs that block the passage of impulses through the parasympathetic nerves

47
Q

antagonist

A

drug that binds to the receptor and completely or partially blocks the activation of a biological response

48
Q

anesthetics

A

agents that reversibly depress neuronal function, producing loss of ability to perceive pain and sensations

49
Q

analgesics

A

drugs that relieve pain without LOC

50
Q

agonist

A

drug that binds and activates the receptor to trigger and enhance an intended response

51
Q

what kind of medicine is furosemide and what is it associated with?

A

diuretic, CHF

52
Q

nitroglycerin is what kind of drug?

A

vasodilator

53
Q

ibuprofen is an example of what kind of drug?

A

NSAID

54
Q

which drugs affect the endocrine system and what is their most important clinical funtion?

A

hormones, replacement therapy

55
Q

all NSAID’s can cause what?

A

stroke, MI, fatal cardiovascular events

56
Q

4 levels of sedation

A

minimal sedation
moderate sedation
deep sedation
general anesthesia

57
Q

4 basic factors which influence the movement of a drug

A

absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

Patient Care (12 decks)

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