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NAVEDTRA 14295B: HM Manual > Chapter 21 - Emergency Medical Care Procedures > Flashcards

Chapter 21 - Emergency Medical Care Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

Who is anyone in military operations or activities?

A

Combatant

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2
Q

What is the process of quickly assessing in a multiple -casualty incident and assigning patients a priority (or classification) for receiving treatment according to the severity of the illness or injury?

A

Triage

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3
Q

Casualties whose injuries are critical but who will require only minimal time or equipment to manage and who have a good prognosis for survival are what class?

A

Priority 1

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4
Q

What type of accident, also known as stroke or apoplexy, is caused by an interruption of the arterial blood supply to a portion of the brain?

A

Cerebrovascular

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5
Q

What are characterized by severe and uncontrolled muscle spasms or muscle rigidity?

A

Convulsions

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6
Q

What is a condition characterized by an abnormal focus of activity in the brain that produces severe motor responses or changes in consciousness?

A

Epilepsy

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7
Q

What is a condition characterized by sudden onset, excessive skin irritation, painful erythema (redness of skin produced by congestion of the capillaries), bullae (large blisters), and exfoliation of the skin in sheets?

A

Toxic epidermal necrolysis

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8
Q

Heart conditions occur more commonly in men in what age group?

A

50-to-60

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9
Q

What is caused by insufficient oxygen being circulated to the heart muscle?

A

Angina

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10
Q

A heart suffering from prolonged hypertension, valve disease will try to compensate for decreased function by increasing the size of the left ventricular pumping chamber and increasing the heart rate. This condition is known as what?

A

Congestive heart failure

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11
Q

What is a severe allergic reaction to foreign material?

A

Anaphylactic shock

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12
Q

The general treatment for severe anaphylaxis is the subcutaneous injection of what amount of epinephrine and supportive care?

A

0.3cc

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13
Q

What is an inherited condition in which the pancreas secretes an insufficient amount of the protein hormone insulin?

A

Diabetes mellitus

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14
Q

What regulates carbohydrate metabolism be enabling glucose to enter cells for use as an energy source?

A

Insulin

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15
Q

What is the bleeding from lacerated blood vessels in the chest cavity and or lungs?

A

Hemothorax

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16
Q

What occurs when the baby’s legs and or buttocks emerge first during child birth?

A

Breech delivery

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17
Q

Have what readily available whenever administering opiates?

A

Naloxone

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18
Q

What is the most effective of all pain-relieving dugs?

A

Morphine

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19
Q

The adult dose of morphine is 10 to 20 mg, which may be repeated, if necessary, in no less than how many hours?

A

4

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20
Q

What wounds are torn, rather than cut?

A

Lacerations

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21
Q

What are caused by objects that penetrate into the tissue while a small surface opening’?

A

Punctures

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22
Q

What is the tearing away of tissue from a body part?

A

Avulsion

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23
Q

What is the escape of significant amounts of blood from the vessels of the circulatory system?

A

Hemorrhage

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24
Q

The average adult body contains about how many liters of blood?

A

5-6

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25
Q

If a wound is a puncture wound, a large gaping wound of the soft tissue, or an animal bite, leave it un-sutured. Even under the care of a surgeon, it is the rule not to close wounds of this nature until after which day?

A

Fourth

26
Q

What fulfills the requirements for the perfect suture ease of manufacture, tensile strength, and variety available more often than any other material?

A

Surgical gut

27
Q

Though it is referred to as “catgut”, surgical gut is derived from the submucosal connective tissue of the first one-third (about how many yards) of the small intestine of healthy government-inspected sheep?

A

8

28
Q

What is the most common local anesthetic used?

A

Xylocaine

29
Q

The three methods of anesthesia administration are topical, local infiltration, and what else?

A

Nerve block

30
Q

The maximum recommended amount of Xylocaine to be used is what amount for a 1% solution or the equivalent?

A

50ml

31
Q

When suturing, the best cosmetic effect is obtained by using numerous interrupted simple sutures placed what distance apart?

A

1/8 inch

32
Q

A break in the bone is known as what?

A

Fracture

33
Q

There are two long bones in the forearm, the radius and the what?

A

Ulna

34
Q

What is the long bone of the upper part of the leg between the kneecap and the pelvis?

A

Femur

35
Q

In general, joint and muscle injuries may be classified under how many headings?

A

Four

36
Q

When a bone is frequent displaced from its joint, the injury is known as a what?

A

Dislocation

37
Q

As a general rule do not attempt to reduce a dislocation, to put a dislocated bone back into place, unless it is known that a medical officer cannot be reached within how many hours?

A

8

38
Q

What are injuries to the ligaments and soft tissues that support a joint?

A

Sprains

39
Q

Injuries caused by the forcible overstretching or tearing of muscles or tendons are known as what?

A

Strains

40
Q

What are responsible for the discoloration that almost always accompanies injuries to bones, joints, and muscles?

A

Contusions

41
Q

A special kind of infection that must be guarded against in case of animal bites is what?

A

Rabies

42
Q

When a person has been bitten by an animal, every effort must be made to catch the animal and to keep it confined for a minimum of how many days?

A

8 to 10

43
Q

What degree burn is characterized by epidermal blisters, mottled appearance, and a red base?

A

Second

44
Q

What degree burn is a full-thickness injury penetrating into muscle and fatty connective tissue, or even down to the bone?

A

Third

45
Q

What results from prolonged exposure to the ultraviolet rays of the sun?

A

Sunburn

46
Q

Irrigate acid burns to the eyes for at least 5 to 10 minutes with at least what amount of water?

A

2000 ml

47
Q

Irrigate alkali burn to the eyes for at least how many minutes?

A

20

48
Q

What has been associated with extensive intravascular hemolysis?

A

Copper

49
Q

What are often an early sign of approaching heat exhaustion?

A

Muscle cramps

50
Q

What is the most common condition caused by working or exercising in hot environment?

A

Heat exhaustion

51
Q

What is a mild cold injury caused by prolonged and repeated exposure for several hours to air temperature from above freezing 32F to as high as 60F?

A

Chilblain

52
Q

What results from prolonged exposure to wet cold at temperatures ranging from just above freezing to 50F?

A

Immersion foot

53
Q

What occurs when ice crystals form in the skin or deeper tissues after exposure to a temperature of 32F or lower?

A

Frostbite

54
Q

What is defined as force acting upon a particular area of matter?

A

Pressure

55
Q

The weight of the atmosphere (from sea-level up to the ozone layer) exerts what psi on the human body?

A

14.7

56
Q

At how many feet of seawater (fsw) the amount of pressure on the diver’s body doubles from the surface?

A

33

57
Q

What law states” For any gas at a constant temperature, pressure, and volume are inversely related”?

A

Boyles Law

58
Q

What is defined as damage to tissues caused by a change in ambient pressure?

A

Barotrauma

59
Q

Our bodies are what percent water and on the surface the body is at equilibrium (balance) with the inert gases in breathing air?

A

85%

60
Q

When a bubble forms “in” the skin, the dermis and or epidermis, it results in a condition known as what?

A

Cutis Marmorata

61
Q

Any neurological symptom within the first how many minutes after surfacing from a dive is considered an Arterial Gas Embolism?

A

10

NAVEDTRA 14295B: HM Manual (25 decks)

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