Chapter 21

Question 1

Primary function of the immune system

Answer 1

provides resistance to disease

Question 2

2 intrinsic systems that make up the immune system

Answer 2

innate and adaptive

Question 3

Primary structures of innate immunity

Answer 3

surface barriers and internal defenses

Question 4

Primary structures of adaptive immunity

Answer 4

humoral and cellular immunity

Question 5

“first line of defense”

Answer 5

surface barriers

Question 6

“second line of defense”

Answer 6

cells and chemicals

Question 7

Primary role of NK

Answer 7

• police blood and lymph

- attack cells that lack “self” cell-surface receptors

Question 8

Four cardinal signs of inflammation

Answer 8

redness, heat, swelling, and pain

Question 9

Stages of inflammation

Answer 9

• inflammatory chemical release
• vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
• phagocyte mobilization

Question 10

Role of antimicrobial proteins

Answer 10

enhance innate defense

Question 11

Process of fever

Answer 11

abnormally high body temperatures that is systemic response to invading microorganisms

Question 12

Antigen

Answer 12

substance that can mobilize adaptive defenses and provoke an immune response

Question 13

Primary immune response

Answer 13

cell proliferation and differentiation upon exposure to antigen for the first time

Question 14

Secondary immune response

Answer 14

re-exposure to same antigen gives faster, more prolonged more effective response

Question 15

Naturally acquired

Answer 15

formed in response to actual bacterial or viral infection

Question 16

Artificially acquired

Answer 16

formed in response to actual bacterial or viral infection

Question 17

Antibody

Answer 17

proteins secreted by plasma cells

Question 18

5 major calluses of antibodies

Answer 18

IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD

Question 19

Cytokine

Answer 19

chemical messengers of immune system

Question 20

Role of Cytokine

Answer 20

mediate cell development, differentiation, and responses in immune system

Question 21

Hypersensitivity

Answer 21

immune responses to perceived (otherwise harmless) threat that cause tissue damage

Question 22

Antibodies involved in an immediate hypersensitivity

Answer 22

IgE

Question 23

Antibodies involved in an immediate hypersensitivity

Answer 23

IgE

Question 24

When the term “immune response” is used, it refers to:

Answer 24

adaptive (acquired) immunity

Question 25

T lymphocytes are formed in the thymus and

Answer 25

make up the cell-mediated immunity which is responsible for the defense against intracellular microbes

Question 26

During a secondary immune response, you would expect

Answer 26

a faster response after a primary immune response

Question 27

Humoral immunity refers to

Answer 27

the reaction of the B lymphocytes within the liquid, non-cellular components of the blood such as plasma and lymphatic fluid