Chapter 20- Blood Vessels Flashcards by lawrence guan

Lumen is oval in___?

Veins

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Tunica Externa/Tunica Media Sizes?

Externa bigger in veins (elastic)

Media bigger in arteries (meaty)

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Tunica Intima made of?

One layer of endothelial cells + elastic lamina

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Tunica media made of?

Smooth muscle tissue (circular), can vasodilate or vasoconstrict

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Tunica Externa made of?

Connective tissue that protects and holds in place

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Types of vessels

Arteries, veins, capillaries

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Arteries

carry blood away from heart

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Types of Arteries

Elastic, Muscular, Arteriole

Elastic-> Muscular-> Arteriole

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Capillaries are ____ epithelial cells surrounded by_____.

One-cell thick, basement membrane

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Metaarteriole

Big channel through middle of capillary from artery

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Thoroughfare channel

Big channel through middle of capillary to vein

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True capillaries

The actual capillary network that is not surrounded by precapillary sphincters

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Precapillary sphincter

smooth muscle ring to stop blood flow in capillary

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Walls of capillaries are permeable because of

Intercellular clefts and fenestrations

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Types of capillaries

Continuous capillaries - intercellular cleft only (most common)
Fenestrated capillaries - intercellular cleft + fenestrations (kidney and small intestine)
Sinusoidal capillaries - Larger intercellular clefts and fenestrations (bone marrow and spleen)

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Veins

bring blood to heart

% blood in venous circ at any point?

65%

Veins stop backflow by:

Valves (found mostly in limbs

Skeletal Muscle pump

Arterial Blood flow in aorta

Aorta-> Left Subclavian/Left common carotid/ Right brachiocephalic
Left common carotid -> External carotid/ internal carotid
Right brachiocephalic-> Right common carotid/right subclavian
Right common carotid-> External carotid/ Internal carotid

Arteries of brain

Anterior Cerebral artery near olfactory nerve
Middle cerebral artery underneath temporal lobe
Internal carotid cut but turns into middle cerebral artery
Posterior communicating artery forms the dorsal half of circle of menle
Posterior cerebral artery underneath cerebellum
R. Vertebral artery, L. vertebral artery comes along midbrain
Basilar artery is formed by R. Vertebral and L. Vertebral

Brachial arteries

Subclavian ->axillary-> Brachial-> Radial/Ulnar

Renal Arteries

Internal iliac/external iliac-> common iliac -> Aorta (which has branches, inferior mesenteric, superior mesenteric, celiac trunk (common hepatic, left gastric, splenic), Renal Arteries, Gonadal Arteries)

Celiac Trunk Artery (of the Abdominal Aorta)

Common hepatic artery-> liver(right)
Left Gastric artery-> lesser curve of stomach (top)
Splenic Artery-> spleen/greater curve of stomach (left)

Iliac Arteries

Common Iliac Artery-> Internal Iliac artery/External Iliac Artery-> External iliac Artery turns into femoral Artery past inguinal ligament
Femoral artery -> popliteal artery -> anterior tibial artery/posterior tibial artery/Peroneal Artery(Fibular artery)-> Lateral Plantar artery/ Medial Plantar artery

Leg Veins

Femoral Vein -> Great Saphenous/Popliteal-> Anterior Tibial/Posterior Tibial/Peroneal (fibular)/Small Saphenous-> Lateral Plantar/Medial Plantar (from Posterior tibial vein)

Inferior Vena Cava Branches

Hepatic veins Renal Vein (has left gonadal vein) Right gonadal vein located on IVC Common Iliac vein-> external iliac/ internal iliac

Hepatic Portal Circulation

Arterial Blood -> capillary bed in stomach/intestine -> hepatic portal vein -> capillary bed in liver -> hepatic vein -> inferior vena cava Superior Mesenteric Vein -> Hepatic Portal Vein Inferior Mesenteric Vein -> Splenic Vein ->Hepatic Portal Vein

Brachial Veins

Subclavian vein -> Axillary/Cephalic-> Brachial/Basilic (from axillary)-> Radial/Ulnar(from Brachial vein) Median cubital vein connects cephalic and basilic vein at elbow

Cephalic Veins

Brachiocephalic vein -> Internal Jugular/Subclavian -> External jugular/ Vertebral (from Subclavian vein)

Venous sinuses of brain

Superior Sagittal sinus (Top of Skull) Inferior Sagittal Sinus (corpus callosum) cavernous sinus (base of brain ventral to transverse) Transverse sinus (Base of skull) Internal jugular leads into transverse and cavernous

Superior Vena Cava and its branches

Right internal jugular vein/Right Subclavian Vein -> Right Brachiocephalic vein Left IJ, Left Subclavian -> Left Brachiocephalic Vein The two brachiocephalics form SVC