Chapter 20: abuse/addictions/disabilities

Question 1

primary prevention and promotion of mental health approach

Answer 1

-characterized by its before the fact quality; it is intentional and group-oriented rather than individual-simply preventing something before it happens-emphasis of HEALTHY DEVELOPMENT, positive coping and growth so individuals able to deal with crises they face effectively-emphasis on ENVIRONMENT, the system

Question 2

bloom’s configural model of prevention, 3 dimensions

Answer 2

1. increase individual’s strengths and decrease limitations2. increase social support and decrease social stress3. address environmental variables, like poverty, natural disasters, community programming for youth

Question 3

general principles counselors can apply to promote client development

Answer 3

-encourage anticipatory rehearsal of new adaptations-require constant externalization of what is learned and its correction by action (practice)-allow clients to experience consequences of decisions/acts-appreciate/affirm strengths

Question 4

how to use the social-ecological perspective (addressing the system/environment)

Answer 4

-identify problem as being connected to a particular environment (don’t blame individual if substance abuse a problem in the COMMUNITY)-gain agreement that environment is client-assess the environment-promote social change/justice-evaluate outcome

Question 5

secondary prevention

Answer 5

controlling mental health problems that have already surfaced but are not severe

Question 6

tertiary prevention

Answer 6

controlling serious mental health problems to keep them from becoming chronic or life threatening (treatment)

Question 7

how should work in terms of three levels of prevention be focused?

Answer 7

80% primary prevention (school-wide, classroom, all students staff)15% secondary prevention (specialized group systems for students w/ at risk behavior)5% tertiary (specialized individualized care for hi-risk students)

Question 8

interpersonal abuse, most prevalent forms

Answer 8

-violent or neglectful actions against others, especially those within one’s family-two most prevalent: emotional & physical

Question 9

child abuse vs neglect

Answer 9

child abuse: acts of commission, i.e. hittingchild neglect: acts of omission, i.e. failure to provide necessities

Question 10

childhood sexual abuse is believed to be…

Answer 10

significantly underreported.sexual abuse of boys reported least

Question 11

spouse/partner abuse

Answer 11

also known as domestic violence – aggression that takes place between adults in intimate relationships

Question 12

abuse

Answer 12

the misuse or maltreatment of people, places, or things

Question 13

the cycle of abuse

Answer 13

• Building tension• Abuse taking place (explosion)• Apologies, excuses, amends (honeymoon)-over time, honeymoon phase shrinks and explosive phase increases-abuse continues until interventions or insights result in behavioral changes

Question 14

prevention and treatment of interpersonal abuse?

Answer 14

-prevention programs mainly educational/behavioral-treatment of child abuse complicated, involves legal, developmental, psychological issues-4 common treatments for spouse/partner abuse: marital therapy, anger management training, individual counseling, domestic conflict containment programs

Question 15

intrapersonal abuse

Answer 15

the misuse of objects or substances produced for one purpose but are exploited excessively to the detriment of the person involved, resulting in addiction-almost any object/substance can become an addiction

Question 16

three Cs of addiction

Answer 16

loss of ControlCompulsive use (obsessive, always thinking about it)Continued use (despite negative consequences)

Question 17

factors involved in treatment of intrapersonal abuse/addiction

Answer 17

• Motivation – internal desire to change• Denial – minimizing effects of substance abuse on selfor others• Dual-diagnosis – more than one aspect of personality can be treated• Matching – the right treatment for a disorder• Control – the regulation of behavior (ev. has diff levels of control)• Relapse – the reoccurrence of dysfunctional behaviors once they have been treated (normal part of recovery)

Question 18

treatments for substance abuse & addiction

Answer 18

• Motivational Interviewing (MI) - a brief counseling intervention designed to reduce a client’s ambivalence toward change while increasing his or her motivation to engage in the behavior-change process• Solution-Focused Approach - emphasis is to get the client to think about what an improved life would look like and what changes would be needed to live such a life• Bibliotherapeutic approach - counselors have those who are addicted read books or view/listen to media and discuss ideas related to what they have experienced

Question 19

12 step programs: what do they involve?

Answer 19

▫ admitting that one cannot control one’s addiction orcompulsion;▫ recognizing a higher power that can give strength;▫ examining past errors with the help of a sponsor (experienced member);▫ making amends for these errors;▫ learning to live a new life with a new code of behavior;▫ helping others who suffer from the same addictions or compulsions.