Chapter 20

Question 1

The lymphatic system is the system of what?

Answer 1

System of immunity

Question 2

What is the main function of the lymphatic system?

Answer 2

returns fluids that leaked from blood vessels back to blood

Question 3

What does the lymphatic system consist of?

Answer 3

Network of lymphatic vessels, lymph, lymph nodes

Question 4

what are lymphatic vessels also called

Answer 4

lymphatics

Question 5

what are lymphatic vessels similar to?

Answer 5

more like veins

Question 6

what is lymphs

Answer 6

fluid in the vessels

Question 7

what is lymph similar to?

Answer 7

Similar to blood in circulatory system

Question 8

what do lymph nodes do?

Answer 8

cleanse lymph

Question 9

what is a major difference between circulatory and lymphatic system?

Answer 9

circulatory system does not have filters, but lymphatic system does-lymph nodes

Question 10

what do the lymphoid organs and tissues do?

Answer 10

provide structural basis of immune system, house phagocytic cells and lymphocytes

Question 11

are the lymphoid structures visible in dissection?

Answer 11

most are very small and not visible

Question 12

what are phagocytic cells

Answer 12

cells that eat other things

Question 13

what structures are included in the lymphatic system

Answer 13

spleen, thymus, tonsils, lymph nodes, other lymphoid tissues

Question 14

what are the lymphoid organs and tissues apart of?

Answer 14

MALT system

Question 15

what is the MALT system?

Answer 15

Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue which includes many structures

Question 16

what do lymphatic vessels do?

Answer 16

return interstial fluid and leaked plasma proteins back to blood

Question 17

what is interstitial fluid?

Answer 17

surrounds the cells

Question 18

how much fluid is in the lymphatic vessels per day

Answer 18

3L

Question 19

What is the interstitial fluid called once in enters the lymphatics?

Answer 19

called lymph

Question 20

The lymphatic system transports large or small molecules?

Answer 20

Big

Question 21

What is a con to the lymphatic transport system?

Answer 21

The system will transport proteins and lipids, but it can also transport viruses and bacteria

Question 22

What type of system is the Lymphatic system-specifically referring to the vessels?

Answer 22

One way system

Question 23

where does the lymph flow?

Answer 23

towards the heart

Question 24

what do the lymphatic vessels include?

Answer 24

Lymphatic capillaries, collecting lymphatic vessels, lymphatic trunks and ducts

Question 25

where are lymphatic capillaries not found

Answer 25

bones, teeth, bone marrow, CNS- mostly places where fluid is not common

Question 26

what are lacteals

Answer 26

specialized lymph capillaries present in intestinal mucosa

Question 27

where are the lacteals located in the intestinal mucosa

Answer 27

within the villi of the intestines

Question 28

what do the lacteals do

Answer 28

absorbs digested fat and delivers fatty lymph chyle to the blood

Question 29

what is chyle

Answer 29

lymph fluid

Question 30

what are lymphatic collecting vessels similar to?

Answer 30

veins

Question 31

why are lymphatic collecting vessels different from veins?

Answer 31

thinner walls, more internal valves, anastomose more frequently

Question 32

where are the lymphatic collecting vessels located

Answer 32

travel with superficial veins

Question 33

where do deep lymphatic collecting vessels travel

Answer 33

with the arteries, more internally

Question 34

where do lymphatic collecting vessels get nutrients from

Answer 34

branching vasa vasorum

Question 35

what are the vasa vasorum

Answer 35

lymphatic circulatory system

Question 36

what do lymphatic trunks form from

Answer 36

form from union of largest collecting ducts

Question 37

where are the lymphatic trunks in the body

Answer 37

paired lumbar paired bronchomediastinal paired subclavian paired jugular trunks single intestinal trunks

Question 38

where is lymph delivered

Answer 38

into 1 of 2 large lymphatic ducts

Question 39

what are the two lymphatic ducts

Answer 39

right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct

Question 40

what does the right lymphatic duct do

Answer 40

drains right upper arm and right side of head and thorax

Question 41

what does the thoracic duct do?

Answer 41

arises as cisterna chyli drains rest of body

Question 42

what are cisterna chyli

Answer 42

lower lumbar area

Question 43

where do the lymphatic ducts empty

Answer 43

empties lymph into venous circulation at junction of internal jugular and subclavian veins on it own side of body

Question 44

is the separation between left and right side of lymphatic system even

Answer 44

no, does not divide evenly

Question 45

Are we born with lymphatic organs

Answer 45

yes, but not everyone keeps them

Question 46

when is the thymus most active

Answer 46

when we are born, shrivels as you grow

Question 47

what does thymus do

Answer 47

puts lot of immune cells into our system

Question 48

what does spleen do

Answer 48

filtering organ

Question 49

peyers patches do what

Answer 49

filter things that we either breathe in or eat

Question 50

does the appendix have a function

Answer 50

to some degree

Question 51

how many lymph nodes do we have

Answer 51

we have a couple hundred lymph nodes in our body

Question 52

what do lymph nodes do?

Answer 52

filter lymph, immune system activation

Question 53

what happens when lymph is filtered

Answer 53

macrophages destroy microorganisms and debris

Question 54

what are macrophages

Answer 54

big eaters, part of WBC army

Question 55

what happens during immune system activation

Answer 55

lymphocytes activated and mount against antigens

Question 56

what are antigens

Answer 56

indentifying proteins that signal

Question 57

what does a lymph node look like

Answer 57

varys in shape and size but usually bean shaped

Question 58

what do lymph nodes have externally

Answer 58

external fibrous capsule composed of connective tissue

Question 59

what is insie the lymph node

Answer 59

trabeculae

Question 60

what are the trabeculae

Answer 60

extend inward and divide node into compartments for increasing surface area

Question 61

what are the 2 regions of the lymph node

Answer 61

cortex and medulla

Question 62

what does the cortex of the lymph node have

Answer 62

contains follicles with germinal centers and heavy with dividing B cells

Question 63

what are B cells

Answer 63

B stands for bone, talking about where they were forred, formed from bone tissue

Question 64

what encapsulates the follicles in lymph nodes

Answer 64

dendritic cells

Question 65

what does the cortex in the lymph node have

Answer 65

houses T cells in transit

Question 66

what are T cells

Answer 66

formed from thymus

Question 67

what do the T cells in the lymph nodes do?

Answer 67

T cells circulate continuously among blood, lymph nodes and lymph

Question 68

In a lymph node what extends from the cortex

Answer 68

medullary cords extend inward from cortex and contain B cells, T cells, and plasma

Question 69

what is a lymph sinus

Answer 69

contains macrophages

Question 70

what type of sinuses do lymph nodes have

Answer 70

lymph sinuses