Chapter 2 Vocabulary

Question 1

A set of positive assumptions about workers that leads to the conclusion that a manager’s task is to create a work setting that encourages commitment to organizational goals and provides opportunities for workers to be imaginative and to exercise initiative and self-direction.

Answer 1

Theory Y

Question 2

The systematic study of relationships between people and tasks for the purpose of redesigning the work process to increase efficiency.

Answer 2

Scientific management

Question 3

Performance gains that result when individuals and departments coordinate their actions.

Answer 3

Synergy

Question 4

The study of how to create an organizational structure and control system that leads to high efficiency and effectiveness.

Answer 4

Administrative management

Question 5

A set of negative assumptions about workers that leads to the conclusion that a manager’s task is to supervise workers closely and control their behavior.

Answer 5

Theory X

Question 6

Identifying and selecting appropriate goals: one of the four principal tasks management.

Answer 6

Planning

Question 7

The finding that a manager’s behavior or leadership approach can affect workers’ level of performance.

Answer 7

Hawthrone effect

Question 8

Specific sets of written instructions about how to perform a certain aspect of a task.

Answer 8

Standard operating procedure

Question 9

Shared feelings of comradeship, enthusiasm, or devotion to a common cause among members of a group.

Answer 9

Espirit de coups

Question 10

The justice, impartiality, and fairness to which all organizational members are entitled.

Answer 10

Equity