Chapter 13 Vocabulary Flashcards
Behavior that is performed for its own sake
Intrinsically motivated behavior
Behavior that is performed to acquire material or social rewards or to avoid punishment
Extrinsically motivated behavior
The theory that motivation will be high when workers believe that high levels of effort lead to high performance and high performance leads to the attainment of desired outcomes
Expectancy theory
In expectancy theory, how desirable each of the outcomes available from a job or organization is to a person
Valence
An arrangement of five basic needs that motivate behavior
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
The theory that three universal needs - for existence, relatedness, and growth - constitute a hierarchy of needs and motivate behavior
Alderfer’s ERG theory
A theory that distinguishes between needs related to the nature of the work itself and the needs related to the physical and psychological context in which the work is performed
Hertzberg’s motivator-hygiene theory
A theory of motivation that focuses on people’s perceptions of the fairness of their work outcomes relative to their work inputs
Equity theory
The theory that people learn to perform behaviors that lead to desired consequences and learn not to perform behaviors that lead to undesired consequences
Operant conditioning theory
Giving people outcomes they desire when they perform organizationally functional behaviors
Positive reinforcement
Eliminating or removing undesired outcomes when people perform organizationally functional behaviors
Negative reinforcement
The systematic application of operant conditioning techniques to promote the performance of organizationally functional behaviors and discourage the performance of dysfunctional behaviors
Organizational behavior modification
A compensation plan that bases pay on performance
Merit pay plan
A financial instrument that entitles the bearer to buy shares of an organization’s stock at a certain price during a certain period of time under certain conditions
Employee stock option
