Chapter 11 Vocabulary Flashcards
Formal target setting, monitoring, evaluation, and feedback systems that provide managers with information about how well the organization’s strategy and structure are working
Control systems
Control that allows managers to anticipate problems before they arise
Feedforward control
Control that gives managers immediate feedback on how efficiently inputs are being transformed into outputs so that managers can correct problems as they arise
Concurrent control
Control that gives managers information about customer’s reactions to goods and services so that corrective action can be taken if necessary
Feedback control
A budget that states how managers intend to use organizational resources to achieve organizational goals
Operating budget
A goal-setting process in which a manager and each of his or her subordinates negotiate specific goals and objectives for the subordinate to achieve and then periodically evaluate the extent to which the subordinate is achieving those goals
Management by objectives
Control of behavior by means of a comprehensive system of rules and standard operating procedures
Bureaucratic control
The control exerted on individuals and groups in an organization by shared values, norms, standards of behavior, and expectations
Clan control
The movement of an organization away from its present state and toward some desired future state to increase its efficiency and effectiveness
Organizational change
Change that is gradual, incremental, and narrowly focused
Evolutionary change
Change that is rapid, dramatic, and broadly focused
Revolutionary change
A fast, revolutionary approach to change in which top managers identify what needs to be changed and then move quickly to implement the changes throughout the organization
Top-down change
A gradual or evolutionary approach to change in which managers at all levels work together to develop a detailed plan for change
Bottom-up change
The process of comparing one company’s performance on specific dimensions with the performance of other, high-performing organizations
Benchmarking
