Chapter 2: The Chemical Context Of Life

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Physical object that occupies space and posses mass

Question 2

Element

Answer 2

Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance through chemical reactions

Question 3

Compound

Answer 3

A substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio

Question 4

How does the structure of an element’s atoms determine its properties

Answer 4

Chemical behavior of an atom is determined by the distribution of the electrons in the atom’s electron shells

Question 5

Covalent bond

Answer 5

A strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons

Polar - partial charges, atoms differ in electronegativity

Non polar - two atoms are similar in electronegativity

Question 6

Ionic Bonds

Answer 6

A strong chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 7

Hydrogen bond

Answer 7

A weak chemical bond that is formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of another polar covalent bond in a another molecule.

Question 8

Van Der Waals interactions

Answer 8

Weak attraction between molecules or parts of a molecule that result from transient or local partial charges. Only occurs when atoms and molecules are very close

Question 9

Chemical Reaction

Answer 9

The making and breaking of chemical bonds leading to changes in the composition of matter