chapter 2 study guide science Flashcards
The ability to do work
Energy
A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place
Wave
The material through which a wave travels through
Medium
The lowest point of a wave
Trough
The highest point of a wave
Crest
The repeated back-and-forth or up-and-down motion
Vibration
What are the properties of waves
Frequency, speed, wavelength, amplitude
The maximum distance the particles of a medium can move from their rest positions
Amplitude
The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave
Wavelength
The number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time
Frequency
Frequency is measured in units called _______
Hertz
A wave that transfers electric and magnetic energy
EM wave
The energy that is transferee through space by EM waves
EM radiation
The complete range of EM waves placed in order of increasing frequency
EM spectrum
EM waves that you can see
Visible light
A material that transmits most of the light that strikes it
Transparent
A material that scatters light as it passes through it
Translucent
A material that reflects or absorbs all of the light that strikes it
Opaque
Colored substances ythat are used to color other materials
Pigment
Two primary colors combined in equal amounts
Secondary colors
Any two colors that combine to form white light
Complementary colors
Three colors that combine to make any other color
Primary colors
Occurs when an object or wave bounces back off a surface throught which it cannot pass
Reflection
All waves obey the…. Which states they the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection
Law of reflection
A flat sheet of glass that has a smooth, silver-colored coating on one side
Plane mirror
A copy of an object formed by reflected or refracted rays of light
Image
An upright Image that forms where the light seems to come from
Virtual image
A mirror wit ha surface that curves inward
Concave mirror
An imaginary line that divides a mirror in half
Optical axis
The point at which rays parallel to the optical axis meet or converge
Focal point
Forms when Rays a ctuslly meet
Real image
A mirror with a surface that curves outward
Convex mirror
Bending in light waves due to a change in speed
Refraction
A curved peice of glass or other transparent material that’s reflects light Rays that pass through it
Lens
A lens that is thicker in the center and thinner at the edge
Convex lens
Thinner at the center than at the edges
Concave lens
A transparent surface where light enters the eye
Cornea
an opening through which light enters the inside of the eye
Pupils
A ring of muscles that contracts and expands to change the size of the pupil
Iris
A layer of cells that lines the inside of the eye
Retina
Contain pigment that responds to small anounts of light
Rods
Respond to color
Cones
Can see nearby things clearly but distant objects are blurry
Nearsighted
Can see far away things clearly but nearby objects are blurry
Farsighted
Uses one or more lenses to focus light and film to record an image
Camera
Forms enlarged images of distant objects
Telescope
A telescope that consists of two conves lenses
Refracting telescope
Gathers the light coming from an objects and focused the Rays to form a real image
Objective
Magnifies the image so you can see it clearly
Eyepiece
Used a large concave mirror to gather light
Reflecting telescope
An optical tool that makes small objects looks larger
Microscope
Uses a tiny beam of electrons instead of light to produce a magnified image
Electron microscope
