Chapter 13 study guide

Question 1

tissue that can contract or shorten

Answer 1

Muscle tissue

Question 2

tissue that directs and controls the process of movement

Answer 2

nervous tissue

Question 3

tissue that provides support for your body and connects all it’s parts, bone tissue and fat are connective tissues

Answer 3

connective tissue

Question 4

tissue that protects the delicate structures that lie beneath it

Answer 4

epithelial tissue

Question 5

a group of organs that work together to perform a major function

Answer 5

organ system

Question 6

the breakdown of food into small molecules the body can use

Answer 6

digestion

Question 7

the major organs of the excretory system

Answer 7

kidney

Question 8

cells found in the kidneys that act as tiny filtering factories

Answer 8

nephron

Question 9

where urine is stored until it leaves the body through the urethra

Answer 9

urinary bladder

Question 10

disease-causing bacteria and viruses

Answer 10

pathogen

Question 11

proteins that destroy pathogens

Answer 11

antibody

Question 12

the ability to destroy pathogens before they can cause disease

Answer 12

immunity

Question 13

the process by which an organism’s internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the external environment

Answer 13

homeostasis

Question 14

the reaction of your body

Answer 14

stress

Question 15

made up of all the bones in your body

Answer 15

skeleton

Question 16

26 small bones that make up your back bone

Answer 16

vertebrae

Question 17

a place in the body where two bones come together

Answer 17

joint

Question 18

a strong connective tissue that holds together the bones in moveable joints

Answer 18

ligament

Question 19

a type of connective tissue that most joints have

Answer 19

cartilage

Question 20

beneath the bones outer layer is this layer of bone which is hard and dense, but not solid

Answer 20

compact bone

Question 21

a type of bone that has many small spaces within it

Answer 21

spongy bone

Question 22

soft connective tissue of the red and yellow kind

Answer 22

marrow

Question 23

a condition in which the body’s bones become weak and break easily

Answer 23

osteoporosis

Question 24

muscles that are not under your control

Answer 24

involuntary muscle

Question 25

muscles that you can control

Answer 25

voluntary muscle

Question 26

muscle that in attached to the bones of your skeleton

Answer 26

skeletal muscle

Question 27

a strong connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Answer 27

tendon

Question 28

muscles who’s cells appear to be banded

Answer 28

striated muscle

Question 29

involuntary muscles that are not striated

Answer 29

smooth muscle

Question 30

muscle found only in your heart

Answer 30

cardiac muscle

Question 31

a push or pull on an object

Answer 31

force

Question 32

when fore is exerted on an object that causes the object to move some distance in the same directions the force

Answer 32

work

Question 33

a device that allows you to do work in a way that is easier or more effective

Answer 33

machine

Question 34

a rigid rod that is free to rotate around a fixed pivot point

Answer 34

lever

Question 35

the fixed point the lever rotates around

Answer 35

fulcrum

Question 36

the force you exert on the lever

Answer 36

effort force

Question 37

the distance you push down

Answer 37

effort distance

Question 38

the fore the lever exerts on the object

Answer 38

resistance force

Question 39

.the distance a lever pushes on an object

Answer 39

resistance distance

Question 40

the number of times a lever increases a force exerted on it

Answer 40

mechanical advantage

Question 41

the distance from the fulcrum to the resistance force

Answer 41

effort arm

Question 42

the distance from the fulcrum to the resistance force

Answer 42

resistance arm