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7th grade science > Chapter 14 study guide > Flashcards

Chapter 14 study guide Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells

A

Cardiovascular system

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2
Q

a hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body

A

heart

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3
Q

the upper chambers of the heart that receives blood

A

atrium

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4
Q

sends out signals that make the heart muscle contract

A

pacemaker

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5
Q

the lower chambers that pump blood out of the heart

A

ventricle

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6
Q

a flap of tissue that prevents blood from flowing backward

A

valve

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7
Q

blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

A

artery

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8
Q

tiny narrow vessels where materials are exchanged between the blood and the body cells

A

capillary

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9
Q

blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart

A

vein

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10
Q

the largest artery in the body

A

aorta

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11
Q

carry blood into the heart

A

coronary artery

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12
Q

caused by the alternating expansion and relaxation of the artery wall

A

pulse

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13
Q

the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

A

diffusion

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14
Q

force per unit area

A

pressure

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15
Q

a force that blood exerts against the walls of the blood vessels

A

blood pressure

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16
Q

the liquid part of the blood

A

plasma

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17
Q

take up oxygen in the lungs and deliver it to cells elsewhere in the body

A

red blood cell

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18
Q

an iron-containing protein that chemically binds to oxygen molecules

A

hemoglobin

19
Q

the body’s disease fighters

A

white blood cell

20
Q

cell fragments that play an important part in forming blood clots

A

platelet

21
Q

the failure of the circulatory system to provide adequate supply of oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body

A

shock

22
Q

a network of veinlike vessels that returns the fluid to the bloodstream

A

lymphatic system

23
Q

consists of water as dissolved materials, such as glucose

A

lymph

24
Q

filter lymph, which traps bacteria and other disease causing microorganisms in the fluid

A

lymph node

25
Q

the process in which oxygen and glucose undergo a complex series of chemical reactions inside cells

A

respiration

26
Q

a thick, sticky liquid that moistens air and keeps the lining from drying out.

A

mucus

27
Q

tiny, hairlike extensions that move together in a sweeping motion

A

cilia

28
Q

the throat

A

pharynx

29
Q

the windpipe

A

trachea

30
Q

the passages that direct air to the lungs

A

bronchi

31
Q

the main organs of the reparatory system

A

lungs

32
Q

tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood

A

alveoli

33
Q

a large, dome-shaped muscle that plays an important role in breathing

A

diaphragm

34
Q

the voice box

A

larynx

35
Q

folds of connective tissue that produce your voice

A

vocal chords

36
Q

a condition in which an artery wall thickens as a result of the buildup of fatty materials

A

atherosclerosis

37
Q

occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked

A

heart attack

38
Q

high blood pressure

A

hypertension

39
Q

the death of brain tissue that can result when a blood vessel in the brain is either blocked by a clot or bursts

A

stroke

40
Q

a serious disease that destroys lung tissue and causes breathing difficulties

A

emphysema

41
Q

an irritation of the breathing passages in which the small passages become narrower than normal and may be clogged with mucus

A

bronchitis

42
Q

a disorder in which the airways and lungs narrow significantly

A

asthma

43
Q

occurs when there is insufficient gas exchange in the lungs

A

suffocation

44
Q

an infection that causes fluid to collect in the alveoli, decreasing the lungs’ ability to take in and remove carbon dioxide.

A

pneumonia

7th grade science (15 decks)

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