Chapter 2 Chemical Level of Organization

Question 1

The Atom is a Basic Particle ____ Matter

Answer 1

of

Question 2

Atom has equal number of Protons ____ Electrons

Answer 2

and

Question 3

Electrons Occupy ________ Electron Shell

Answer 3

the

Question 4

Subatomic Particles _____ the smallest basic form

Answer 4

are

Question 5

Atoms with Same Element that contain Diff number of neutrons _______ Isotopes

Answer 5

are

Question 6

Mass _________ Total weight of Protons and Neutrons Electrons

Answer 6

is

Question 7

Decay of a Radioisotope ________ Half Life

Answer 7

is

Question 8

The Atomic Weight ____ Number of Protons & Neurons and Electrons

Answer 8

is

Question 9

There ______ up to 8 Energy levels of Electrons

Answer 9

are

Question 10

Outer Most Energy Level of a atom ______ the Valence Shell

Answer 10

is

Question 11

Valance Unfilled ____________ uneven # of electrons

Answer 11

has

Question 12

A Valance is Filled ________ even number of electrons

Answer 12

with

Question 13

Chemical Bond _____ Formed by Interactions

Answer 13

are

Question 14

Non Active Chemical Properties ___________ Inert

Answer 14

are

Question 15

Inert Gases _____ filled Valences

Answer 15

have

Question 16

Hydrogen and Lithium _____ Unfilled Valences

Answer 16

have

Question 17

A Chemical Bond is formed ______ interactions

Answer 17

by

Question 18

Molecular Weight ______ The sum of atomic weight of the component atoms

Answer 18

is

Question 19

A group of Atoms with a Electrical Charge is ____ Ion

Answer 19

a

Question 20

A Ionic Bond Created by _______ Electrical Attraction

Answer 20

a

Question 21

Atoms that share Electrons with other Atoms ________ Covalent Bond

Answer 21

a

Question 22

3 Chemical Bonds ______ Ionic, Covalent and Hydrogen

Answer 22

are

Question 23

A Single Covalent Bond Shares 1 pair _________ Electrons

Answer 23

of

Question 24

Double Covalent Bond Shares 2 pair _____ Electrons

Answer 24

of

Question 25

Name ___ Double Covalent Bond, Carbon Dioxide

Answer 25

a

Question 26

Triple Covalent Bonds ______ contain 2 Neutrons

Answer 26

does

Question 27

79% of the Atmosphere ______ Molecular Nitrogen

Answer 27

is

Question 28

H2O _______ a Covalent Bond

Answer 28

is

Question 29

Non Polar Covalent Bond _______ Very strong

Answer 29

is

Question 30

Non Polar Covalent Bond ____ Shared Electrons

Answer 30

have

Question 31

A Non Polar Covalent Bond _______Electrically Neutral

Answer 31

is

Question 32

A Polar Covalent Bond ______ more neg charge than pos

Answer 32

has

Question 33

Water ________ Most Important Polar Molecule

Answer 33

is the

Question 34

Hydrogen _______ too weak to create Molecules

Answer 34

is

Question 35

Hydrogen bond ____ Most Important for life

Answer 35

is the

Question 36

Neg charge, more electrons than protons, stronger atom takes electrons from weaker atom

Answer 36

it is

Question 37

3 States of Matter _________ Liquid, Solid, and Gas

Answer 37

are

Question 38

Liquid has a Constant Volume ________ has no set Shape

Answer 38

and

Question 39

Solids keep their Volume and _______ Shape

Answer 39

their

Question 40

Gas has no constant volume ___ no fixed Shape

Answer 40

and

Question 41

Ionic and Covalent _____ Chemical Bonds

Answer 41

Are

Question 42

Ionic _____ Covalent Bonds Share Electrons

Answer 42

and

Question 43

Liquid, Solid matter and Gas ______ Hydrogen Bond

Answer 43

is a

Question 44

Hydrogen Bond _______ Polar Bonds

Answer 44

are

Question 45

Polar atoms ______ stronger atoms

Answer 45

are

Question 46

Water _____ Most Important Polar Molecule

Answer 46

is

Question 47

Hydrogen Bond _____ most important to life. Are solid, liquid and gas polar bonds

Answer 47

is

Question 48

hydrogen bonding occurs between water molecules

Answer 48

a

Question 49

Energy _____ Capacity to do work

Answer 49

is

Question 50

Kinetic Energy _______ Energy of motion that can be transferred

Answer 50

is

Question 51

Potential Energy ______ Stored Energy

Answer 51

is

Question 52

Potential Energy ______ converted to Kinetic Energy

Answer 52

is

Question 53

Metabolism ____ Reactants and products

Answer 53

is

Question 54

Heat cannot be completely converted __ work

Answer 54

to

Question 55

Cells do work ______ convert energy

Answer 55

to

Question 56

Potential Energy converted ___ Kinetic Energy creates heat

Answer 56

to

Question 57

four types of Chemical Reactions ________ Decomposition, Synthesis, Exchange and Reversible

Answer 57

are

Question 58

Decomposition of water ______ (AB – A+B) Hydrolysis Reaction

Answer 58

IS

Question 59

Hydrolysis Reaction breaks down molecules by adding water.

Answer 59

of

Question 60

Catabolism _______ the breakdown of complex molecules in the Cell

Answer 60

IS

Question 61

Catabolism is released energy to perform work for Growth, movement and

Answer 61

Reproduction

Question 62

A Synthesis Reaction ______ (A+B — AB) the opposite of a Decomposition Reaction

Answer 62

is

Question 63

Synthesis Reaction combines smaller molecules ______ larger molecules (A+B — AB)

Answer 63

into

Question 64

Dehydration Synthesis forms Complex Molecules Opposite ____ Hydrolysis (AH+BOH = AB+H20)

Answer 64

of

Question 65

Exchange Reaction is reacting Molecules are shuffle around ____ Produce New Products

Answer 65

to

Question 66

Reversible Reaction is chemical reaction that ___ go either way (AB—AB)

Answer 66

can

Question 67

Molecular Formula (6 carbon, 12 hydorgen, 6 oxygen - C6H12O6

Answer 67

is

Question 68

4 Types of Chemical Reaction _____ Decomposition, Synthesis, Exchange and Reversible

Answer 68

are

Question 69

Enzymes catalyze to speed up ____ reaction

Answer 69

a

Question 70

Activation Energy is the amount of energy to start ____ Reaction

Answer 70

a

Question 71

Enzymes Promote Reactions ____ lowering the required Activation Energy

Answer 71

by

Question 72

Enzymes only affect ____ rate of Reaction

Answer 72

the

Question 73

Reversible Chemical Reaction can _____ go both ways

Answer 73

can

Question 74

Synthesis Raction ____ opposite of Decomposition (A+B – AB)

Answer 74

is

Question 75

Organic Compounds contain Carbon

Answer 75

Carbon

Question 76

Inorganic Compounds lack Carbon

Answer 76

Carbon

Question 77

Nutrients and Metabolites are classes ___ compounds

Answer 77

of

Question 78

Activation Energy ____ the amount of energy needed to start a reaction

Answer 78

is

Question 79

Water is over two thirds ____ your body weight

Answer 79

of

Question 80

Water is ___ solvent with high heat capacity and acts as a lubricant

Answer 80

a

Question 81

Water has Pos ____ Neg Charged ends

Answer 81

and

Question 82

Hydrophilic molecules _________ water

Answer 82

love

Question 83

Hydrophobic molecules ____ water

Answer 83

fear

Question 84

Water is a solvent ______ solute or dissolve, make a solution

Answer 84

to

Question 85

Hydrogen is _____ PH

Answer 85

the

Question 86

Neutral PH ___ 7, equal amounts , 1:1

Answer 86

is

Question 87

Acidic PH ____ below 7, PH 1:0

Answer 87

is

Question 88

Alkaline PH ___ above 7

Answer 88

is

Question 89

7.35 - 7.45 is the normal range ____ PH

Answer 89

OF

Question 90

Water _____ solvent, high heat capacity and is a lube, Neutral PH

Answer 90

is

Question 91

Electrolytes, Inorganic Ions, ______ conduct Electricity

Answer 91

do

Question 92

Denaturation Body Temp + PH ____ effect Enzymes Function

Answer 92

will

Question 93

Buffers _____ Proteins to stabilize PH (antacid - neutralizes), weak acid to control PH

Answer 93

are

Question 94

Monomers ______ a single unit, glucose and fructose

Answer 94

are

Question 95

Carbohydrates ____ Organic molecules that contain Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen

Answer 95

are

Question 96

Glucose is ___ most important Fuel for the body

Answer 96

the

Question 97

Monosaccharides ______ source for immediate energy, Disaccharides _____ stored energy

Answer 97

are

Question 98

Glucose _____ the most important fuel, ATP is Chem Molecule stores Energy. ADP is converted for Kinetic Energy

Answer 98

is

Question 99

Saturated Fatty Acid ____ a Single Covalent Bond

Answer 99

is

Question 100

Unsaturated Fatty Acid ___ a Double Covalent Bond, MonoSaturated - One DBL Bond, Ploy is more than one dbl bond

Answer 100

is

Question 101

Hormones are Chemical Messengers that effect distant parts ___ the body

Answer 101

of

Question 102

Fatty Acids are Hydrophilyic ____ loves water, contain Carbon, 02 and hydrogen

Answer 102

is

Question 103

Triglycerides are ___ energy Source

Answer 103

a

Question 104

Lipids are fatty acids ___ long carbon chains with Hydrogen

Answer 104

with

Question 105

Fat around the Liver will Protect and cushion ___ Liver

Answer 105

the

Question 106

Triglycerides is Glycerol + 3, Fatty Acid, Diglyceride - Gly + 2 FA, Mono is Gly + one

Answer 106

in

Question 107

Amino Acids are ___ most abundant protein Organic Molecule

Answer 107

the

Question 108

All Proteins contain Hydrogen, Oxygen ___ Carbon

Answer 108

and

Question 109

Proteins Speed up Reaction, _____ Catalyze

Answer 109

they

Question 110

Proteins ____ responsible for movement in muscle cells

Answer 110

are

Question 111

Proteins bind substances to transport in ____ Blood

Answer 111

the

Question 112

Protein protects against dangerous Changes in ____ PH

Answer 112

body

Question 113

Proteins can be enzymes ___ speed up chemical reaction

Answer 113

to

Question 114

Proteins can be Hormones that influence organs ___ organ systems

Answer 114

and

Question 115

Proteins ____ most abundant organic molecule

Answer 115

are

Question 116

Protein have Primary, secondary, tertiary ___ quantirnary structures

Answer 116

and

Question 117

Primary Structure ___ a polypeptide bond, Peptides Are Bonds

Answer 117

is

Question 118

Secondary Structure is not a function. Hydrogen _____

Answer 118

atoms

Question 119

Tertiary Structure gives protein ___ Shape, First functional structure

Answer 119

its

Question 120

Quaternary Structure is ___ interaction between polypeptide chains, Hemoglobin

Answer 120

a

Question 121

Globular Proteins are Most enzymes, hormones ___ other molecules in the blood

Answer 121

and

Question 122

Fibrous Proteins tough insoluble form ___ structure

Answer 122

of

Question 123

Protein Percentage of ____ Body, 20%

Answer 123

the

Question 124

Cofactor ____ a Ion or Molecule that binds to a enzyme

Answer 124

is

Question 125

Coenzymes are Non Protein ____ Non Organic Molecule

Answer 125

and

Question 126

Enzymes work better in specific temps and PH values ___ levels

Answer 126

or

Question 127

GlycoProtein is a combo of small Carbohydrates ____ Large Protein

Answer 127

and

Question 128

Denaturation of Enzymes (temperature) _____ PH allows enzymes to work better

Answer 128

and

Question 129

Dioxyribonucleic Acid is DNA

Answer 129

is

Question 130

Ribonucleic Acid is RNA, types - mRNA (messenger, tRNA (transfer), and rRNA (ribosomial)

Answer 130

RNA

Question 131

DNA and RNA control ___ body how to make Proteins

Answer 131

tells

Question 132

DNA and RNA are Nitrogenous, Nucleotides Hydrogen bonds ___ Holds together

Answer 132

and

Question 133

Proteins support Structure

Answer 133

-

Question 134

Proteins are responsible for movement ______ cells

Answer 134

in

Question 135

Proteins defend against dangerous changes ____ PH

Answer 135

in

Question 136

Substrates bind ____ active enzymes and alter shape

Answer 136

to

Question 137

ATP is high energy compounds used ____ cells

Answer 137

by

Question 138

suffix “ase” means it’s ____ enzyme

Answer 138

an

Question 139

Hydrogen bonds ____ make ATP

Answer 139

will

Question 140

Nuceliotides _____ hydrogen bonds

Answer 140

are

Question 141

Nucleic Acids RNA ___ DNA are long chains of nucleotides

Answer 141

and

Question 142

Quaternary structure develops when polypeptides form larger molecules. Hemoglobin _______ Quaternary

Answer 142

is

Question 142

Tertiary Structure _____ coiling and folding of a polypeptide

Answer 142

is

Question 143

Acid - Proton Donor adds Hydrogen Ion, Base - Proton Acceptor - Removes Hydrogen Ions

Answer 143

are

Question 144

Salt - Solute that Dissociates into Cations ____ Anions

Answer 144

and