Chapter 1 Intro to A&P Flashcards
1
Q
Anatomy ____ The study of internal and external body structures
A
is
2
Q
Physiology _____ The study of living organisms and their function
A
is
3
Q
Gross Anatomy is The exam of large structures that can be seen by the _________ eye
A
naked
4
Q
The four types ____ Gross Anatomy are Surface, Regional, Sectional and Systemic
A
of
5
Q
The study of the body’s surface ____ Surface Anatomy
A
is
6
Q
Regional Anatomy pertains to ___________ of the body
A
areas
7
Q
Relationships of the body structures ____ Sectional Anatomy
A
is
8
Q
Systemic Anatomy is the study of organs and _______ Systems
A
their
9
Q
Surgical, Pathology, Radiological Anatomy ____ Clinical Anatomy
A
is
10
Q
Developmental Anatomy is the Relationship between concept ____ adult hood
A
and
11
Q
Microscopic Anatomy can not be seen by the ________ eye
A
naked
12
Q
Histology is the Study of tissues, groups of cells or specialty ______
A
cells
13
Q
Cellular, Organ, Systemic, Pathological are 4 Specialties of Physiology Functions
A
14
Q
Cellular Physiology is the Study ____ Cell function
A
of
15
Q
Organ Physiology is the study of specific ___________
A
organs
16
Q
Systemic Physiology is the study ___ specific Organ Systems
A
of
17
Q
Pathology is the study of disease and the effects
A
18
Q
The Relationship between Anatomy and Physiology All specific functions are performed by specific structures
A
19
Q
Difference between Gross and Microscopic Anatomy what can be seen by the ________ eye
A
Naked
20
Q
The 6 Levels of Organization are Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ _________ and Organism
A
Systems
21
Q
Chemical Level of Organization ____ Atoms create molecules
A
is
22
Q
Cellular Level of Organization ____ the smallest living Unit
A
is
23
Q
Tissue Level of Organization ___ a group of cells working together to form a function
A
is
24
Q
Organ Level of Organization is 2 or ____ tissues working together for a function
A
more
25
Organ System Level of Organization ___ a group of organs working together for a function
is
26
Organism Level of Organization ____ a individual Life form
is
27
The 11 Organ Systems are Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Lymphatic, Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, and Reproductive
28
How many Organ Systems
11
29
Integumentary Organ System is Skin, hair, sweat glands, and nails
30
Integumentary System function is to regulate body temp, provide sensory input and protect from the outer environment
31
Skeletal Organ System is Bones, Cartilage, Ligaments and Bone Marrow
32
Skeletal System Function stores calcium, forms blood cells and protects other tissues
33
Muscular Organ System is Skeletal muscles and tendons
34
Muscular System Function Provides movement, Protection, Support, creates heat, maint of body temp.
35
Nervous Organ System is the Brain, Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves and Sensory Organs
36
Nervous System Function is Sensory Response, provides activities and moderates organ systems
37
Endocrine Organ System is the Pituitary, Thyroid, pancreas, Adrenal glands and gonads
38
Endocrine System Function Directs function of other organ systems
39
Cardiovascular Organ System is the heart, blood Vessels and blood
40
Cardiovascular System Function provides nutrients, oxygen and expels waste and CO2.. and Controls Body Temp
41
Lymphatic Organ System is the Spleen, Thymus, Lymph Nodes, Lymphatic Vessels and Tonsils
42
Lymphatic System Function Defends against infection and Disease
43
Respiratory Organ System is the Lungs, nasal, Sinus, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi and Alveoli
44
Respiratory System Function is to Transfer air from Alveoli to blood oxygen and from blood to air carbon dioxide
45
Digestive Organ System is Teeth, Pharynx, Tongue, Stomach, Large and Small Intestines, Liver, Gall Bladder, Pancreas.
46
Digestive System Function is to process Food, absorb water, provide nutrients and stores energy
47
Urinary Organ System is the kidneys, Urinary bladder, Ureters and Urethra
48
Urinary System Function is Waste discharge, controls water and blood PH
49
Reproductive Male has Testes, Epididymides, Ductus Defermentia, Seminal Gland, Prostate Gland, Penis, Scrotum
50
Reproductive Female has Ovaries, Uterine tubes, Uterus, Vagina, Labia, Clitoris, Mammary Glands
51
Reproductive Male Function is to Deliver sperm
52
Reproductive Female Function is to create Female Sex Cells, Supports Embryos, Provides Milk
53
Pathology is the study of Disease
54
6 Levels of Organiszation are Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ Systems, Organism
55
The 11 Organ Systems are Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Endocrine, Lymphatic, Urinary, Digestive, Reproductive
56
Histology is the study of tissue structure and Function
57
Anatomical Landmarks Is Surface Anatomy
58
Anatomical Positions Are Anterior View and Posterior View
59
Anterior View is front of a subject, palms forward or supine
60
Posterior View is the Back of a subject, back of hands and prone
61
Thoracic and Abdominopelvic body Cavities
62
Thoracic Cavity is the Heart, lungs, lymphatic systems
portions of esophagus and thymus
63
Thoracic Cavity is divided into 2 Pleural Left and right cavities
64
A Mediastinum cavity is a Cavity between 2 principal portions of an organ
65
the Paricardial Cavity is a small thoracic chamber that is around the heart
66
Anatominopelvic Region extends from the Diaphragm to the Pelvis
67
Anatominopelvic Regions are Superior Abdominal Cavity and Inferior Pelvic Cavity
68
Peritoneal Cavity is Space lined by the Peritoneum
69
the Peritoneum lines the body wall
70
The Abdominal Cavity is the Area from the Inferior surface (bottom) of the Diaphragm to Superior margins of the Pelvis
71
Inferior Surface is Toward the feet
72
Superior Surface is Toward the head
73
The Pelvic Cavity is the Inferior Space to the Abdominal Cavity
74
Homeostasis is a Stable internal environment
75
Homeostatic Regulation is a Physiological adjustment to preserve Homeostasis in a limit or range
76
Homeostatic Regulations Autoregulation and Extrinsic Regulation
77
Autoregulation is a Process that occurs in response to some environmental change
78
Extrinsic Regulation is the Process that occurs from the Nervous or Endocrine Organ Systems
79
Receptor, Control Center, Effector are the 3 Parts of Homeostatic Regulation
80
Homeostatic Receptor is a Sensor to stimulus or environmental change
81
Homeostatic Control Center receives and processes input supplied by the receptor and sends out commands to the effector
82
Homeostatic Effector are Cells or a Organ that responds to the commands of the Control Center
83
RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ are the Abdominopelvic Quadrants
84
Epigastric, Umbilical, Hypogastric are the 3 Abdominopelvic Regions
85
Right Hypochondriac and the _______ Hypochondriac are the Epigastric Zones
86
Right Lumbar and the left Lumbar are the Umbilical Zones
87
The Right Inguinal and Left Inguinal are the Hypogastric Zones
88
Right Hypochondriac contains the liver
89
Left Hypochondriac Contains the Stomach and Spleen
90
Right Umbilical Lumbar Contains the Gall Bladder, Lg & Sm Intestines
91
Left Umbilical Lumbar Contains the Lg & Sm intestines
92
Right Inguinal Area Contains the Appendix
93
Left Inguinal Area Contains Urinary Bladder
94
Anterior - Front, Posterior - Back, Ventral - Belly
are Anatomical Directions
95
Lateral Direction is Away from the midline
96
Medial is Towards the Midline
97
Proximal Towards the point of attachment
98
Distal is Away from the point of attachment
99
A Sectional Plane is a 2 dimensional flat surface
100
Frontal (Coronal) Plane is a Vertical Plane that divides the anterior and posterior sections
101
Sagittal Plane divides the body Left and Right Portions
102
Midsagittal Plane Middle of the body
103
Traverse Plane Divides the Superior and Inferior portions (standing at feet looking towards head)
104
the Thoracic Cavity Protect delicate Organs and allows change in size
105
The Trunk Protects Organs and Allows change in Shape
106
The Diaphragm separates the Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Cavities
107
The Pleural Cavity is The lining around the lungs
108
Abdominopelvic Cavity Contains Deep Structures in the Abdomen and pelvis
109
Thoracic Cavity is Everything deep to the Thoracic Wall
110
Viscera is a delicate Serous lining of internal cavities
111
Visceral Pleura covers the organ
112
Parieta Pleura covers the Mediastinum
113
Peritoneum is the Serous Membrane that allows the digestive system to slide across each other
114
Kidneys, Pancreas are Retro Peritoneal Organs
115
Homeostasis of the Endocrine and Nervous System is Extrinsic Regulation
116
Negative Feedback in Homeostasis will Counteract to Change
117
Thermoregulation is Relationship Between Heat Loss and Heat Generation
118
Thermoregulation Set Point is 37 Degrees C or 98.6
119
Neg Feedback from the Control Center effects Muscle Tissue and Sweat Glands
120
Hypothalamus is the Control Center for temp regulation
121
Primary Mechanism of Homeostatic Regulation is Negative Feedback
122
Homeostasis State of Equilibrium is Opposing Process to maintain balance
123
Dynamic Equilibrium is adopting to constant change
124
Positive Feedback is Original Changes in Conditions
125
A Positive Feedback is Blood Clotting
126
What effects Positive Feedback,. Infection and disease
127
Equilibrium Opposing processes are in balance
128
Dynamic Equilibrium Is Physiological Systems adapting to change
129
Integumentary, Muscular, Cardiovascular and Nervous systems are Organ Systems that Control Body Temp
130
Digestive, Cardiovascular, Urinary and Skeletal Organ systems are Organ Systems that Control Body Fluid Composition
131
Respiratory and Cardiovascular Organ systems are Organ Systems that controls O2 and Dioxide levels
132
Lymphatic System is the Organ Systems that Controls the removal of Toxins & Pathogens
133
The Urinary and Digestive Systems are the Organ Systems that Control Body Fluid
134
Urinary, Digestive and Cardiovascular Systems are Organ Systems that Control Waste Concentration
135
Homeostasis Equilibrium when Opposing processes are in balance
136
Dynamic Equilibrium is systems adapting and adjusting to change in the environment
137
Failure of Dynamic Equilibrium will result in disease
138
Lymphatic system conducts removal of toxins and pathogens
