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Anatomy and Physiology > Chapter 1 Intro to A&P > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Intro to A&P Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy ____ The study of internal and external body structures

A

is

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2
Q

Physiology _____ The study of living organisms and their function

A

is

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3
Q

Gross Anatomy is The exam of large structures that can be seen by the _________ eye

A

naked

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4
Q

The four types ____ Gross Anatomy are Surface, Regional, Sectional and Systemic

A

of

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5
Q

The study of the body’s surface ____ Surface Anatomy

A

is

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6
Q

Regional Anatomy pertains to ___________ of the body

A

areas

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7
Q

Relationships of the body structures ____ Sectional Anatomy

A

is

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8
Q

Systemic Anatomy is the study of organs and _______ Systems

A

their

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9
Q

Surgical, Pathology, Radiological Anatomy ____ Clinical Anatomy

A

is

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10
Q

Developmental Anatomy is the Relationship between concept ____ adult hood

A

and

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11
Q

Microscopic Anatomy can not be seen by the ________ eye

A

naked

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12
Q

Histology is the Study of tissues, groups of cells or specialty ______

A

cells

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13
Q

Cellular, Organ, Systemic, Pathological are 4 Specialties of Physiology Functions

A
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14
Q

Cellular Physiology is the Study ____ Cell function

A

of

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15
Q

Organ Physiology is the study of specific ___________

A

organs

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16
Q

Systemic Physiology is the study ___ specific Organ Systems

A

of

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17
Q

Pathology is the study of disease and the effects

A
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18
Q

The Relationship between Anatomy and Physiology All specific functions are performed by specific structures

A
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19
Q

Difference between Gross and Microscopic Anatomy what can be seen by the ________ eye

A

Naked

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20
Q

The 6 Levels of Organization are Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ _________ and Organism

A

Systems

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21
Q

Chemical Level of Organization ____ Atoms create molecules

A

is

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22
Q

Cellular Level of Organization ____ the smallest living Unit

A

is

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23
Q

Tissue Level of Organization ___ a group of cells working together to form a function

A

is

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24
Q

Organ Level of Organization is 2 or ____ tissues working together for a function

A

more

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25
Q

Organ System Level of Organization ___ a group of organs working together for a function

A

is

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26
Q

Organism Level of Organization ____ a individual Life form

A

is

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27
Q

The 11 Organ Systems are Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Lymphatic, Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, and Reproductive

A
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28
Q

How many Organ Systems

A

11

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29
Q

Integumentary Organ System is Skin, hair, sweat glands, and nails

A
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30
Q

Integumentary System function is to regulate body temp, provide sensory input and protect from the outer environment

A
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31
Q

Skeletal Organ System is Bones, Cartilage, Ligaments and Bone Marrow

A
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32
Q

Skeletal System Function stores calcium, forms blood cells and protects other tissues

A
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33
Q

Muscular Organ System is Skeletal muscles and tendons

A
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34
Q

Muscular System Function Provides movement, Protection, Support, creates heat, maint of body temp.

A
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35
Q

Nervous Organ System is the Brain, Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves and Sensory Organs

A
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36
Q

Nervous System Function is Sensory Response, provides activities and moderates organ systems

A
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37
Q

Endocrine Organ System is the Pituitary, Thyroid, pancreas, Adrenal glands and gonads

A
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38
Q

Endocrine System Function Directs function of other organ systems

A
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39
Q

Cardiovascular Organ System is the heart, blood Vessels and blood

A
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40
Q

Cardiovascular System Function provides nutrients, oxygen and expels waste and CO2.. and Controls Body Temp

A
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41
Q

Lymphatic Organ System is the Spleen, Thymus, Lymph Nodes, Lymphatic Vessels and Tonsils

A
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42
Q

Lymphatic System Function Defends against infection and Disease

A
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43
Q

Respiratory Organ System is the Lungs, nasal, Sinus, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi and Alveoli

A
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44
Q

Respiratory System Function is to Transfer air from Alveoli to blood oxygen and from blood to air carbon dioxide

A
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45
Q

Digestive Organ System is Teeth, Pharynx, Tongue, Stomach, Large and Small Intestines, Liver, Gall Bladder, Pancreas.

A
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46
Q

Digestive System Function is to process Food, absorb water, provide nutrients and stores energy

A
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47
Q

Urinary Organ System is the kidneys, Urinary bladder, Ureters and Urethra

A
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48
Q

Urinary System Function is Waste discharge, controls water and blood PH

A
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49
Q

Reproductive Male has Testes, Epididymides, Ductus Defermentia, Seminal Gland, Prostate Gland, Penis, Scrotum

A
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50
Q

Reproductive Female has Ovaries, Uterine tubes, Uterus, Vagina, Labia, Clitoris, Mammary Glands

A
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51
Q

Reproductive Male Function is to Deliver sperm

A
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52
Q

Reproductive Female Function is to create Female Sex Cells, Supports Embryos, Provides Milk

A
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53
Q

Pathology is the study of Disease

A
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54
Q

6 Levels of Organiszation are Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ Systems, Organism

A
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55
Q

The 11 Organ Systems are Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Endocrine, Lymphatic, Urinary, Digestive, Reproductive

A
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56
Q

Histology is the study of tissue structure and Function

A
57
Q

Anatomical Landmarks Is Surface Anatomy

A
58
Q

Anatomical Positions Are Anterior View and Posterior View

A
59
Q

Anterior View is front of a subject, palms forward or supine

A
60
Q

Posterior View is the Back of a subject, back of hands and prone

A
61
Q

Thoracic and Abdominopelvic body Cavities

A
62
Q

Thoracic Cavity is the Heart, lungs, lymphatic systems
portions of esophagus and thymus

A
63
Q

Thoracic Cavity is divided into 2 Pleural Left and right cavities

A
64
Q

A Mediastinum cavity is a Cavity between 2 principal portions of an organ

A
65
Q

the Paricardial Cavity is a small thoracic chamber that is around the heart

A
66
Q

Anatominopelvic Region extends from the Diaphragm to the Pelvis

A
67
Q

Anatominopelvic Regions are Superior Abdominal Cavity and Inferior Pelvic Cavity

A
68
Q

Peritoneal Cavity is Space lined by the Peritoneum

A
69
Q

the Peritoneum lines the body wall

A
70
Q

The Abdominal Cavity is the Area from the Inferior surface (bottom) of the Diaphragm to Superior margins of the Pelvis

A
71
Q

Inferior Surface is Toward the feet

A
72
Q

Superior Surface is Toward the head

A
73
Q

The Pelvic Cavity is the Inferior Space to the Abdominal Cavity

A
74
Q

Homeostasis is a Stable internal environment

A
75
Q

Homeostatic Regulation is a Physiological adjustment to preserve Homeostasis in a limit or range

A
76
Q

Homeostatic Regulations Autoregulation and Extrinsic Regulation

A
77
Q

Autoregulation is a Process that occurs in response to some environmental change

A
78
Q

Extrinsic Regulation is the Process that occurs from the Nervous or Endocrine Organ Systems

A
79
Q

Receptor, Control Center, Effector are the 3 Parts of Homeostatic Regulation

A
80
Q

Homeostatic Receptor is a Sensor to stimulus or environmental change

A
81
Q

Homeostatic Control Center receives and processes input supplied by the receptor and sends out commands to the effector

A
82
Q

Homeostatic Effector are Cells or a Organ that responds to the commands of the Control Center

A
83
Q

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ are the Abdominopelvic Quadrants

A
84
Q

Epigastric, Umbilical, Hypogastric are the 3 Abdominopelvic Regions

A
85
Q

Right Hypochondriac and the _______ Hypochondriac are the Epigastric Zones

A
86
Q

Right Lumbar and the left Lumbar are the Umbilical Zones

A
87
Q

The Right Inguinal and Left Inguinal are the Hypogastric Zones

A
88
Q

Right Hypochondriac contains the liver

A
89
Q

Left Hypochondriac Contains the Stomach and Spleen

A
90
Q

Right Umbilical Lumbar Contains the Gall Bladder, Lg & Sm Intestines

A
91
Q

Left Umbilical Lumbar Contains the Lg & Sm intestines

A
92
Q

Right Inguinal Area Contains the Appendix

A
93
Q

Left Inguinal Area Contains Urinary Bladder

A
94
Q

Anterior - Front, Posterior - Back, Ventral - Belly
are Anatomical Directions

A
95
Q

Lateral Direction is Away from the midline

A
96
Q

Medial is Towards the Midline

A
97
Q

Proximal Towards the point of attachment

A
98
Q

Distal is Away from the point of attachment

A
99
Q

A Sectional Plane is a 2 dimensional flat surface

A
100
Q

Frontal (Coronal) Plane is a Vertical Plane that divides the anterior and posterior sections

A
101
Q

Sagittal Plane divides the body Left and Right Portions

A
102
Q

Midsagittal Plane Middle of the body

A
103
Q

Traverse Plane Divides the Superior and Inferior portions (standing at feet looking towards head)

A
104
Q

the Thoracic Cavity Protect delicate Organs and allows change in size

A
105
Q

The Trunk Protects Organs and Allows change in Shape

A
106
Q

The Diaphragm separates the Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Cavities

A
107
Q

The Pleural Cavity is The lining around the lungs

A
108
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity Contains Deep Structures in the Abdomen and pelvis

A
109
Q

Thoracic Cavity is Everything deep to the Thoracic Wall

A
110
Q

Viscera is a delicate Serous lining of internal cavities

A
111
Q

Visceral Pleura covers the organ

A
112
Q

Parieta Pleura covers the Mediastinum

A
113
Q

Peritoneum is the Serous Membrane that allows the digestive system to slide across each other

A
114
Q

Kidneys, Pancreas are Retro Peritoneal Organs

A
115
Q

Homeostasis of the Endocrine and Nervous System is Extrinsic Regulation

A
116
Q

Negative Feedback in Homeostasis will Counteract to Change

A
117
Q

Thermoregulation is Relationship Between Heat Loss and Heat Generation

A
118
Q

Thermoregulation Set Point is 37 Degrees C or 98.6

A
119
Q

Neg Feedback from the Control Center effects Muscle Tissue and Sweat Glands

A
120
Q

Hypothalamus is the Control Center for temp regulation

A
121
Q

Primary Mechanism of Homeostatic Regulation is Negative Feedback

A
122
Q

Homeostasis State of Equilibrium is Opposing Process to maintain balance

A
123
Q

Dynamic Equilibrium is adopting to constant change

A
124
Q

Positive Feedback is Original Changes in Conditions

A
125
Q

A Positive Feedback is Blood Clotting

A
126
Q

What effects Positive Feedback,. Infection and disease

A
127
Q

Equilibrium Opposing processes are in balance

A
128
Q

Dynamic Equilibrium Is Physiological Systems adapting to change

A
129
Q

Integumentary, Muscular, Cardiovascular and Nervous systems are Organ Systems that Control Body Temp

A
130
Q

Digestive, Cardiovascular, Urinary and Skeletal Organ systems are Organ Systems that Control Body Fluid Composition

A
131
Q

Respiratory and Cardiovascular Organ systems are Organ Systems that controls O2 and Dioxide levels

A
132
Q

Lymphatic System is the Organ Systems that Controls the removal of Toxins & Pathogens

A
133
Q

The Urinary and Digestive Systems are the Organ Systems that Control Body Fluid

A
134
Q

Urinary, Digestive and Cardiovascular Systems are Organ Systems that Control Waste Concentration

A
135
Q

Homeostasis Equilibrium when Opposing processes are in balance

A
136
Q

Dynamic Equilibrium is systems adapting and adjusting to change in the environment

A
137
Q

Failure of Dynamic Equilibrium will result in disease

A
138
Q

Lymphatic system conducts removal of toxins and pathogens

A

Anatomy and Physiology (19 decks)

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