Chapter 2

Question 1

Explain what an acid is

Answer 1

Chemicals that release hydrogen ions in water

Eg hydrochloric acid

Question 2

Explain what a base is

Answer 2

Electrolytes that release ions that bond with hydrogen ions

Eg sodium hydroxide

Question 3

Explain what a buffer is and what it does

Answer 3

Chemicals that resist PH changes .

Combine with hydrogen ions when these ions are excessive and contribute hydrogen ions when these ions are reduced.

Question 4

Define PH

What does the PH scale range from and to

Answer 4

The level of acidity, basicity
The measurement of hydrogen ion concentration.
0-14 (7) midpoint.
7 is the equal number of hydrogen and hydroxide ions (neutral) neither acidic or basic

Question 5

Describe the functions of enzymes

Answer 5

Drug metabolism
Assist in food digestion
Make metabolic reactions possible inside cells by controlling temp conditions that would normally be too mild for the to occur.
Make chemical reactions possible and catalyse reactions that sustain life.
Protein formation