Chapter 2

Question 1

sender

Answer 1

the person who desires to deliver a message to another person or group of people

Question 2

encoding

Answer 2

the process of attaching symbols to ideas and feelings so that others may understand them

Question 3

message

Answer 3

the actual content you send to an audience, both intentional and unintentional

Question 4

channel

Answer 4

the mode through which the message in conveyed to another party

Question 5

noise

Answer 5

anything that interferes with the encoding, transmission, and reception of a message

Question 6

receiver

Answer 6

the person who receives the encoded message sent by the sender

Question 7

decoding

Answer 7

the process of taking a message that has been sent and using one’s own experiences and knowledge to give it meaning

Question 8

linear model of communication

Answer 8

depiction of communication process that features a sender who encodes a message and sends it through a channel where it competes with noise on its way to a receiver who decodes the message

Question 9

transactional model of communication

Answer 9

recognizes that we simultaneously send and receive messages; a cynical model of the communication process

Question 10

feedback

Answer 10

the responses and reaction to the messages transmitted by the sender; is itself a new message sent back to the original sender

Question 11

hearing

Answer 11

the physiological process of processing sounds, conducted by one’s ears and brain

Question 12

listening

Answer 12

the psychological process of making sense out of sounds

Question 13

Socratic questioning

Answer 13

the process of asking questions of a speaker focused on the responses to previous questions; the ultimate goal is uncover the truth

Question 14

listening for appreciation

Answer 14

listening for enjoyment; not high in cognitive commitment

Question 15

listening to comprehend

Answer 15

listening to understand a concept or message

Question 16

paraphrasing

Answer 16

relaying back to the speaker what she or he has communicated to you

Question 17

perception checking

Answer 17

feeding back to the speaker the emotions or intentions that you as the listener are perceiving behind the speakers word

Question 18

clarifying questions

Answer 18

questions that seek to understand the meaning or particular words or phrases that the speaker used in the message

Question 19

probing questions

Answer 19

questions that are used to follow-up with what a speaker says and gain additional information

Question 20

leading questions

Answer 20

questions that are stated in the form of a question but actually express a judgement or opinion

Question 21

listening to evaluate

Answer 21

listening to make a judgement about a message; involves a high level of cognitive commitment on the part of the audience

Question 22

active listening

Answer 22

listening to understand a message by processing, storing, and potentially evaluating a message; also involves reactions by the listener in some form

Question 23

passive listening

Answer 23

listening without reacting

Question 24

spare brain time

Answer 24

the time available for your mind to wander due to your ability to process messages faster than it takes to construct them

Question 25

nonlistening

Answer 25

providing the appearance of listening without actually paying complete attention to the message

Question 26

pseudolistening

Answer 26

when people attempt to hide their inattention to the speaker’s message

Question 27

glazing over

Answer 27

daydreaming instead of hearing the message

Question 28

ambushing

Answer 28

selective listening which the audience ignores the strengths of a message and hears only the weaknesses

Question 29

prejudging

Answer 29

entering into a presentation with a judgment already formed about the message being delivered

Question 30

sociophobia

Answer 30

the fear of social situations or people

Question 31

communication apprehension

Answer 31

the fear or anxiety associated with real or anticipated communication with another or others

Question 32

anxiety disorder

Answer 32

abnormal mental outlook in which individuals experience high levels of apprehension that keep them from living life

Question 33

spotlight syndrome

Answer 33

the belief encouraged by the room setup that all eyes are focused on you

Question 34

self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 34

believing that something will happen before it actually does, and then when it does come true it reinforces the original expectation