Chapter 2 Flashcards
Settling the Thirteen Colonies
Name the New England colonies
- New Hampshire (Vermont)
- Massachusetts (Maine, Vermont)
- Connecticut
- Rhode Island
Name the Middle colonies
- New York (Vermont)
- Pennsylvania
- New Jersey
- Delaware
Name the Southern colonies
- Maryland
- Virginia
- North Carolina
- South Carolina
- Georgia
John Carver, William Bradford, John Winthrop; Plymouth; 1620; Puritans, Separatists, Mayflower Compact, Great Migration
Massachusetts
Odiorne’s Point; 1679
New Hampshire
Thomas Hooker; Windsor; 1639; Fundamental Order
Connecticut
Roger Williams; Providence; 1644
Rhode Island
Peter Minuit, Duke of York; Albany; 1624; originally New Netherland, patroons
New York
George Carteret, John Berkeley; once a portion of New York
New Jersey
Wilmington; 1638; originally New Sweden
Delaware
William Penn; Philadelphia; 1681; Quaker “Holy Experiment”
Pennsylvania
John Rolfe; Jamestown; 1620; tobacco
Virginia
Cecilius Calvert, George Calvert; St. Mary’s; 1634; Act of Toleration, Colony for Roman Catholics
Maryland
Albermarle Sound; 1712
North Carolina
Charleston; 1712; indigo and rice
South Carolina
James Oglethorpe; Savannah; 1733; debtor’s colony
Georgia
what is the main reason for colonizing new England colonies
religious reasons
what were some difficulties of colonization
- had to pay for voyage
- had to survive long and uncomfortable trip across the British
- had problems once they settled in America (hunger, sickness, lack of government)
developed by English investors to help pay for colonies
joint-stock colonies
contained rules governing where a colony would be located and how it would be administered
charters
joint-stock companies
charter colonies
given by the king; ruled by others
proprietary colonies
king took direct control
royal colonies
more than half of the people in Jamestown died to what?
- scurvy
- fever
- exposure in the first three months of colony
- Indians
not legal to worship apart from Anglican Church
Plymouth
pastor of separatists
John Robison
Plymouth’s first governor
John Carver
next governor after John Carver; thanksgiving
William Bradford
why was Plymouth (Mass) more successful than Jamestown?
- Ply. settlers learned from James. mistakes
- Ply. worked hard and had motivation
joint stock company venture used to establish colonies in America
Massachusetts Bay Colony
first Puritan governor
John Winthrop
full power in colony given by colony charters
free men
first to openly challenge Puritan leaders
Roger williams
in 1620, King James revoked the colony’s charter and made it a royal colony; major crop is tobacco; Jamestown; Williamsburg became capital after Jamestown was destroyed
Virginia
Celcius Calvert led settlers to this land; king gave Roman Catholics this land; Act of Toleration
Maryland
(1st written law of religious freedom in colonies) guaranteed religious freedom to all who believed the Trinity
Act of Toleration
John Winthrop was leader, overpopulated and puritans was soon not the majority
Massachusetts Bay
Roger Williams; disagreed on how Puritans governed and traveled south to Narragansett Bay and named it Providence
Rhode Island
Thomas Hooker; Massachusetts Bay was too crowded so the people decided to move to Windsor and Wethersfield
Connecticut
the first written constitution drawn up in America; plan of union
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
proprietary colony; formed since Massachusetts bay was too crowded
New Hampshire
Henry Hudson discovered this land while exploring for New Netherlands and named it New Netherland
New York
portion of New York given to Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley. offered cheap land, full religious liberty, and some self-government
New Jersey
first written law of religious freedom to the colonies; guaranteed religious freedom to all who believed in the Trinity
Act of Toleration
