chapter 18- Study Guide Flashcards
although the heart is the center of the cardiovascular system, ___ transport blood throughout the body.
blood vessels
endothelial cells forma continuous lining for the entire vascular system called the ____
Endothelium
The term ___ denotes a reduction in arterial flow to a level that is insufficient to meet the oxygen demands of the tissues.
ischemia
___ refers to an area of ischemic necrosis in an organ produced by occlusion of its arterial blood supply or venous drainage.
Infarction
elevated levels of blood ___ are implicated in the development of atherosclerosis with its attendant risk of heart attack and stroke.
cholesterol
Because ___ and ___ are insoluble in plasma, they are encapsulated by a stabilizing coat of water-soluble lipoproteins.
cholesterol and triglycerides
The ___ transport cholesterol and triglycerides to various tissues for energy utilization, lipid deposition, steroid hormone production, and bile acid formation.
Lipoproteins
Some of the apoproteins activate the __ enzymes that facilitate the removal of lipids from the lipoproteins
chylomicrons
There are two sites of lipoprotein synthesis: ___ and ___
Liver and small intestine
__ transfer their triglycerides to the cells of adipose and skeletal muscle tissue.
Chylomicrons
Lipoprotein measurements are particularly important in person at high risk for development of
coronary heart disease
many types of primary hypercholesterolemia have a __ basis
genetic
the major risk factor for atherosclerosis is ___
hypercholesterolemia
___ closely linked with coronary heart disease and sudden death.
cigarette smoking
___ inhibits elements of the anticoagulant cascade and is associated with endothelial damage, which is though to be an important first step in the development of atherosclerosis.
Homocystein
