Chapter 18 Positive Punishment Procedures and the Ethics of Punishment

Question 1

application of aversive activities

Answer 1

A positive punishment procedure in which, contingent on the undesirable behaviour, the client is required to engage in an aversive activity (a low-probability behaviour) to decrease the future probability of the undesirable behaviour.

Question 2

application of aversive stimulation

Answer 2

A positive punishment procedure in which an aversive stimulus is delivered contingent on the occurrence of the undesirable behaviour to decrease the future probability of the undesirable behaviour.

Question 3

contingent exercise

Answer 3

A positive punishment procedure involving the application of aversive activities. Contingent on the problem behaviour, the person is required to engage in some form of physical exercise.

Question 4

guided compliance

Answer 4

A positive punishment procedure used with a person who displays noncompliant behaviour. When you make a request and the person refuses to comply, you physically prompt the person to engage in the behaviour. The physical prompt is removed as the person complies with the request on his or her own. Guided compliance prevents escape from the requested behaviour, and thus also serves as an extinction procedure when the noncompliant behaviour is negatively reinforced by escape from the requested activity.

Question 5

informed consent

Answer 5

• The process in which the client is informed of the behaviour modification procedure to be used and agrees in writing to undergo the procedure.
• Necessary for the use of positive punishment procedures.

Question 6

overcorrection

Answer 6

• A positive punishment procedure in which, contingent on the problem behaviour, a person is required to engage in effortful activity for a brief period.
• Positive practice and restitution are two types of overcorrection.

Question 7

physical restraint

Answer 7

-A type of positive punishment procedure in which, contingent on the occurrence of the problem behaviour, the change agent holds immobile the part of the client’s body that is involved in the problem behaviour so that the client cannot continue to engage in the behaviour.

Question 8

positive practice

Answer 8

A type of overcorrection procedure in which, contingent on the problem behaviour, the client is required to engage in correct forms of relevant behaviour until the behaviour has been repeated a number of times.

Question 9

response blocking

Answer 9

A procedure in which the change agent physically blocks a problem behaviour so that the client cannot complete the response. It is often used in conjunction with brief restraint.

Question 10

restitution

Answer 10

A type of overcorrection procedure in which, contingent on the occurrence of the problem behaviour, the client is required to correct the environmental effect of the problem behaviour and to bring the environment to a condition better than that which existed before the problem behaviour.

Question 11

summary 1

Answer 11

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Question 12

summary 2

Answer 12

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Question 13

summary 3

Answer 13

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Question 14

summary 4

Answer 14

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Question 15

summary 5

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