Chapter 18 Flashcards

1
Q

community controls

A

a pattern of cooperation and common action in a traditional village that sought to uphold the economic, social, and moral stability of the closely knit community

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2
Q

charivari

A

degrading public rituals used by village communities to police personal behavior and maintain moral standards

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3
Q

illegitimacy explosion

A

the sharp increase in out of wedlock and births hat occurred in Europe between 1750 and 1850, caused by the wages and the breakdown of community controls

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4
Q

wet nursing

A

a widespread and flourishing business in the eighteenth century in which women were paid to breast feed other women’s babies

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5
Q

blood sports

A

events such as bull baiting and cockfighting that involved inflicting violence and bloodshed on animals and that were popular with the eighteenth century European masses

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6
Q

carnival

A

the few days of revelry in Catholic countries that preceded Lent and that included drinking, and rowdy spectacles that upset the established order

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7
Q

just price

A

the idea that prices should be fair, protecting both consumers and producers, and that they should be imposed by government decree if necessary

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8
Q

consumer revolution

A

the wide-ranging growth in consumption and new attitudes toward consumer goods that emerged in the cities of northwestern Europe in the second half of the eighteenth century

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9
Q

Pietism

A

a Protestant revival movement in early-eighteenth century Germany and Scandinavia that emphasized a warm and emotional religion, the priesthood of all believers, and the power of Christian rebirth in every day affairs.

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10
Q

Methodists

A

members of a Protestant revival movement stated by John Wesley, so called because they were so methodical in their devotion

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11
Q

Jansenism

A

a sect of Catholicism originating with Cornelius Jansen that emphasized the heavy weight of original sin and accepted the doctrine of predestination; it was outlawed as heresy by the pope

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