Chapter 18

Question 1

Ego Integrity vs Despair

Answer 1

accepting the life you have lived vs. going into despair

Question 2

Virtue in the Eighth Stage

Answer 2

wisdom

Question 3

Terminal Drop

Answer 3

a sharp decline in well-being about 3-5 years before death

Question 4

Coping

Answer 4

behavior aimed at relieving stress that arises from harmful conditions

Question 5

Three Main Components of Successful Aging

Answer 5

1) Avoidance of disease
2) Maintaining high physical and cognitive functioning
3) Active engagement in social activities

Question 6

Disengagement Theory

Answer 6

states that aging is characterized by mutual withdrawal between the older person and society

Question 7

Activity Theory

Answer 7

states that to age successfully, a person must remain as active as possible

Question 8

Selective Optimization with Compensation

Answer 8

enhancing overall cognitive functioning by using stronger abilities to compensate for those that have weakened

Question 9

Is forcing retirement legal?

Answer 9

forcing retirement is not legal because it is age discrimination

Question 10

What determines how one might adjust to retirement?

Answer 10

1) Health & financial status
2) Preretirement job stress
3) Marriage quality & dependents
4) Retirement planning
5) After retirement activities

Question 11

What percentage of seniors live in senior housing?

Answer 11

only about 3-5% of adults 65 and older live in senior housing

Question 12

Do more men or women live alone?

Answer 12

because women outlive men, most likely to live alone would be women

Question 13

Elder Abuse

Answer 13

usually neglect or financial abuse – most elder abuse is done by family

Question 14

How do relationships affect health?

Answer 14

strong social relationships are very important for health and mortality. People who are isolated and lonely tend to show more rapid physical and cognitive decline

Question 15

Lineal Obligation

Answer 15

traditionally emphasized by Hispanic and Asian American cultures, who tend to care for the elderly in their homes

Question 16

Long-term Relationships

Answer 16

couples still together in late adulthood report higher satisfaction and fewer adjustment problems in their marriage

Question 17

Divorce and Remarriage

Answer 17

1) Divorce in late adulthood is not common, but rates are rising in this age group
2) Average time between divorce and remarriage is 4 years
3) 3 years for men and 5 years for women

Question 18

The Widow Effect

Answer 18

men appear to be strongly affected when their wife dies

Question 19

Relationships with Adult Children

Answer 19

1) Mother daughter relationships tend to be close
2) About 80% of older adults have frequent contact with their children

Question 20

Relationships with Siblings

Answer 20

1) The closer siblings live to each other, the closer they are
2) Survivors of the death of a sibling may grieve intensely and become lonely and depressed