Chapter 15 Flashcards
Middle Adulthood (Middle Aged)
social construct that describes ages 40 to 65
Presbyopia
loss of the ability to focus on nearby objects
Myopia
nearsightedness
Presbycusis
gradual loss of hearing, which accelerates after age 55, especially sounds at higher frequencies
Basal Metabolism
use of energy to maintain vital functions
Loss of Muscle Strength
noticeable by age 45
Vital Capacity
amount of air that can be drawn in with a deep breath and expelled
Menopause
end of menstruation and ability to bear children, experienced by most women at age 45-55
Perimenopause
period of several years in which a women experiences menopause
Changes in Male Sexual Functioning
men stay fertile their whole life but testosterone levels start to decline around age 30
Hypertension vs Cancer
1) Hypertension is chronically high blood pressure – leading preventable cause of early death
2) Cancer is the leading cause of death for this age group
What gender has a higher life expectancy?
women have a higher life expectancy and lower death rates than men. Women are also more likely to suffer from chronic health problems
Osteoporosis
condition in which bones become thin and brittle as a result of rapid calcium depletion
Breast Cancer
1 in 8 women develop breast cancer at some point in their lives, and about 5-10 percent of cases are hereditary
Mammography
diagnostic X-ray examination of the breasts
Hormone Therapy (HT)
treatment with artificial estrogen to relieve symptoms of menopause – this treatment has risks of stroke, breast cancer, and blood clots!
Stress
response to physical and psychological demands
Stressors
perceived environmental demands that may produce stress
Work/money vs. Relationships/health
work and money are greater stressors than relationships or health!
Fluid Intelligence
1) Applied to novel problems
2) Independent of educational and cultural influences
Crystallized Intelligence
1) Ability to remember and use learned information
2) Dependent on educational and cultural influences
Encapsulation
process that allows expertise to compensate for declines in information-processing ability by bundling relevant knowledge together
Integrative Thought
ability of adults to use logic and intuition
Phased Retirment
reducing work hours gradually as you approach retirement
Bridge Employment
switching to another company or new line of work before retirement
Work and Cognitive Development
“use it or lose it”
Literacy
ability to use printed and written information to function in society – globally 77 million people are illiterate
