Chapter 17

Question 1

Ageism

Answer 1

discrimination against a person based on age

Question 2

The Graying of the Population

Answer 2

the global population is aging due to declines in fertility, economic growth, and improving health

Question 3

Primary Aging

Answer 3

inevitable process of bodily deterioration throughout the life span

Question 4

Secondary Aging

Answer 4

result from disease and bodily abuse and are often preventable

Question 5

Late Adulthood

Answer 5

65 and over

Question 6

Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)

Answer 6

essential activities that support survival, such as eating, dressing, bathing, and getting around the house

Question 7

Functional Age

Answer 7

measure of a person’s ability to function effectively in their environment in comparison with others of the same age

Question 8

Gerontology

Answer 8

study of aged people and the process of aging

Question 9

Geriatrics

Answer 9

branch of medicine dealing with medical conditions associated with age

Question 10

Life Expectancy

Answer 10

age in which is statistically likely to live – life expectancy of a person born today is 78.7 years

Question 11

Gender Differences in Life Expectancy

Answer 11

women 81.1 years and men 76.2 years

Question 12

Extending the Human Life Span

Answer 12

dietary restrictions will increase your life span

Question 13

Cataracts

Answer 13

cloudy areas in the lens of the eye that cause blurred vision

Question 14

Age-related Macular Degeneration

Answer 14

center of the retina loses its ability to discern fine details

Question 15

Glaucoma

Answer 15

irreversible damage to the optic nerve caused by increased pressure in the eye

Question 16

How does sleep affect your life span?

Answer 16

too much sleep or too little sleep both increase the risk of mortality

Question 17

Health Status

Answer 17

1) Poor health is not an inevitable consequence of aging
2) About 78% of adults ages 65 and older consider themselves in good health
3) Poverty is strongly related to poor health

Question 18

Disabilites

Answer 18

about 16% of people above 65 report having some form of disability

Question 19

How does physical activity play a role in your health?

Answer 19

1) A lifelong program of exercise may prevent many physical changes we once thought were due to normal aging
2) Inactivity contributes to disease and disability

Question 20

How does nutrition play a role in your health?

Answer 20

prevents chronic diseases

Question 21

Dementia

Answer 21

deterioration in cognitive and behavioral functioning

Question 22

Alzheimer’s Disease

Answer 22

degenerative brain disorder characterized by cognitive deterioration and loss of control of bodily functions

Question 23

Parkinson’s Disease

Answer 23

degenerative brain disorder characterized by stiffness, slowed movement, and unstable posture

Question 24

Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s

Answer 24

account for at least 8 out of 10 cases of dementia and all are irreversible

Question 25

Causes of Brain Diseases

Answer 25

plaques & tangles

Question 26

Working Memory

Answer 26

short-term storage of information being actively processed

Question 27

Encoding

Answer 27

1) Process by which information is prepared for long-term storage
2) Older adults may have greater difficulty encoding new information

Question 28

Storage

Answer 28

holds memories for future use – this can deteriorate over time, making retrieval difficult

Question 29

Retrieval

Answer 29

process by which information is recalled from memory storage