Chapter 17 - Social movements & collective action

Question 1

What is the Breakdown theory?

Answer 1

A functionalist perspective explains that before the 1970s, analysis of data and social movements focused primarily on discussions such as strain, deprivation or contagion

Question 2

What is the social solidarity theory?

Answer 2

A conflict perspective, it describes how after the 1970s, analysis shifted more to a focus on resource mobilization, political opportunities and social control.

Question 3

What president shook Martin Luther King jr. hand after signing the civil rights act in 1964?

Answer 3

Lyndon B. Johnson

Question 4

What came from the civil rights act of 1964?

Answer 4

Resulting in legal access for black
Americans to public places like restaurants, transportation, schools, and other public facilities.

Question 5

What is seen as the beginning of slavery in America?

Answer 5

The arrival of the first African captives to theJamestown Colony in Virginia in 1619

Question 6

When, how and who had slavery abolished

Answer 6

December 6th, 1865, ratification of the 13th amendment and Abraham Lincoln

Question 7

What are the origins of “modern-day policing?

Answer 7

“The slave patrol” was created earliest in the Carolinas in the 1700s. It lasted for 268 years

Question 8

After 1865, what were patrollers tasked with doing?

Answer 8

Enforcing Jim crow laws (i.e colours only use coloured washrooms)

Question 9

What is the Ku Klux Klan?

Answer 9

a domestic, white supremacist,
a terrorist organization founded shortly after slavery ended and shortly after the American Civil War ended in 1865.

Question 10

How many african americans were lynched during the time of the KKK?

Answer 10

4,400

Question 11

How often does a cop in the States kill a black American?

Answer 11

every 28 hours

Question 12

What is collective action?

Answer 12

It is when people act in unison to bring about or resist social, political and or economic change

Question 13

What is routine collective action?

Answer 13

: is collective action (⬆️) that follows well-established patterns of behaviour and is non-violent.

Question 14

What is non-routine collective action?

Answer 14

: is collective action (⬆️) that ignores convention and may be violent (ie: mobs, riots).

Question 15

What are social movements?

Answer 15

are institutionalized or bureaucratized forms of collective action aimed at changing or resisting change to the social, political, and/or economic order.

Question 16

What are the three factors that form the breakdown theory?

Answer 16

1. The Discontent of Socially Marginalized People
2. The Violation of Norms (Strain)
   (includes Relative Deprivation - definition on page 423)
3. The inherent irrationality of crowd behaviour and the idea of “contagion.”

Question 17

What is resource mobilization?

Answer 17

Is a process by which social movements crystalize because of the increasing organizational, material, and other resources of movement members

Question 18

What are political opportunities?

Answer 18

Elections give people new opportunities to protest and send out their desire for change.

Question 19

What is social control?

Answer 19

Refers to methods of ensuring conformity. In other words, the methods authorities use to contain collective action.