Chapter 17 and 18: The Endocrine System

Question 1

paracrine chemical messenger

Answer 1

released by cells and affect other cell types locally without being transported in blood

Question 2

neurotransmitter

Answer 2

produced by neurons and secreted into extracellular spaces by presynaptic nerve terminals; travels short distances, influences postsynaptic cells

Question 3

endocrine chemical messengers

Answer 3

type of intercellular signal. produced by cells of endocrine glands enter circulatory system and effect distant cells

Question 4

ligands

Answer 4

chemical signal

Question 5

Down regulation

Answer 5

absorbing the receptors by phagocytosis, cell becomes desensitized to hormone

Question 6

up- regulation

Answer 6

creating receptors, cell becomes more sensitive to hormone

Question 7

what are the posterior pituitary hormones

Answer 7

antidiuretic

oxytocine

Question 8

autocrines

Answer 8

signaling same-type near by cells

Question 9

paracrine

Answer 9

signaling different near by cells

Question 10

Autocrine Chemical Messengers

Answer 10

released by cells and have a local effect on the same cell type from which chemical signals are released