Chapter 17 America Enters the World Stage Flashcards
Describe US isolationism
Monroe Doctrine rules us - keep Europe out, protect South America
Describe Frederick Jackson Turner
Manifest destiny, fight slavery. american frontier was closed; must re-identify ourselves. now we can look outside our borders
Way-station for sailors traveling to different islands in the middle
Midway Islands (1867)
July 8, 1853: Commodore Mathew Perry travels there, US fleet goes there. Opens their ports and starts trading
Japan
Describe Alfred Mahan’s, The Influence of Sea Power Upon History (1890)
Need to focus money and attention on navy; control the seas
Our role now is to spread Christianity to make the world better. Civilize people into democracy, need to take care of people and make them better
Josiah Strong
The energetic, strong, and fit should rule. God made them healthy. Going to try to make everyone else strong and healthy
Social Darwinism
Purchased in March 1867. Secretary of State: __ __ ; president __. $7.2 million (2 cents an acre, double size of Texas)- owned by Russians. Milk joke (get ice cream)
AlaskaWilliam SewardJohnson
Nicknames for Alaska
Seward’s Folly, Frigida, President Andrew Johnson’s Polar Bear Garden
What did the US get out of Alaska?
Lumber, coal, copper, oil, natural gas
Archipelago (many different islands) 2000 miles SW of San Francisco. Late 1700s- Missionaries. 1840: King Kamehameha III wrote constitution based on US constitution
Hawaii
Hawaii’s biggest export
Sugar
Raised tariff on sugar
McKinley Tariff of 1890
“Hawaii for Hawaiians”, protectorate of the US
Queen Liliukalani
Why did they want a revolution?
to dethrone Queen
What was under the protection of the US after the revolution and who was the new Revolutionary president?
HawaiiSanford B Dole
First time North and South America had come together. Talk about trade and how to keep Europe out. Nothing came out of it
Pan-American Conference (1889)
Civil War- “Yanquis” supported the President. Drunken sailors from the USS Baltimore leave a bar
Chilean Crisis (1891-1892)
Crisis: where’s the boundary b/w __ and __ __ __. President Cleveland sends Secretary of State __ __ to arbitrate. Said Monroe Doctrine applies to this, __ cheers this
Venezuela, British New GuineaRichard OlneyCaracas
Describe Results of Venezuela dispute
An independent arbitrator gave Britain most what it wanted but Europe and Latin America are on notice that the US is the most important nation in the Western Hemisphere
US seen as a protector of __ __ from Europe
South America
What is the nickname of the Spanish American War (1898)?
“A splendid little War”
“Ever faithful isle”
Cuba
Mainstay of Cuban economy is __ __. US puts heavy duties on __ and it hurts the economy
raw sugarsugar
Guerrilla warfare, block railroads
Cubans Rebellion
Poet. Toured US and when he returned to Cuba, he was killed in a few days
Jose Marti
Spain ruthlessly puts down the rebellion. Governor __ __ __ “The Butcher”. ___: 500000 farmers, no longer rebel
General Valeriano WeyerReconcentrados
Why did the governor target farmers?
1) Cut off food supply of rebels2) Everyone out of camps can be considered rebels3) Over 200,000 die
Why did the US gov’t send ship? What happened on 2/15/1898?
Investigate situation in CubaUSS Maine blows up
“Remember the Maine”. 266 out of __ men on board were killed. What caused the Maine to explode from US and Spain? What are the thoughts now?
350US: Spain did itSpain: Mechanical ErrorNow: Mechanical error
Newspapers that have sensational headlines and pictures
Yellow journalism
Competed against each other with yellow journalism. What are the names of their newspapers?
W R Hearst: New York JournalJ Pulitzer: New York World
One of his pictures entitled Spain to strip searches of American women. Sent by __ to get pics of the Cuban Rebellion
Frederic RemingtonHearst
Describe what Remington told Hearst, and Hearst’s response
R: said there’s no war and wants to go homeH: give me the pictures, I’ll make up the war
__ asks Congress for a declaration of war
McKinley
Congress adds the __. States US has no intention of taking Cuba for itself, wants to free the Cubans. War approved, America goes to war
Teller Amendment
First battle of Spanish American War
Battle of Manila Bay
Battle of Manila Bay:Spain owns ___. US fleet in Hong Kong under Commodore __ __. Commodore Assistant Secretary of Navy, __ __ tells Dewey to be ready for battle. 4/30/1898: enters at __. First thing in the morning, Dewey says to __ when ready. By noon, Spanish fleet is __ and not one __ soldier killed. Reinforces arrive in August and the city is __
PhilippinesGeorge DeweyTeddy RooseveltNightfiredestroyedUScaptured
Group of fighters. Led by TR. He quits and becomes colonel. Made up of cowboys, policemen, athletes, Harvard pals (bizarre mix)
Rough Riders
Describe the conditions the 17000 US troops that left Tampa dealt with
90 degree weather, wool uniforms, little food, poor sanitation
Lawton captures town, fort, and blockhouse in SE Cuba
El Caney
Rough Riders’s greatest victory. bloodiest and most famous. Cuba
San Juan Hill
US navy enters __ Harbor in Cuba. Every __ ship is lost. Only 1 __ casualty. July 16, 1898: __ surrendered
SantiagoSpanishUSSantiago