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US History II > Chapter 17 America Enters the World Stage > Flashcards

Chapter 17 America Enters the World Stage Flashcards

1
Q

Describe US isolationism

A

Monroe Doctrine rules us - keep Europe out, protect South America

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2
Q

Describe Frederick Jackson Turner

A

Manifest destiny, fight slavery. american frontier was closed; must re-identify ourselves. now we can look outside our borders

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3
Q

Way-station for sailors traveling to different islands in the middle

A

Midway Islands (1867)

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4
Q

July 8, 1853: Commodore Mathew Perry travels there, US fleet goes there. Opens their ports and starts trading

A

Japan

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5
Q

Describe Alfred Mahan’s, The Influence of Sea Power Upon History (1890)

A

Need to focus money and attention on navy; control the seas

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6
Q

Our role now is to spread Christianity to make the world better. Civilize people into democracy, need to take care of people and make them better

A

Josiah Strong

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7
Q

The energetic, strong, and fit should rule. God made them healthy. Going to try to make everyone else strong and healthy

A

Social Darwinism

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8
Q

Purchased in March 1867. Secretary of State: __ __ ; president __. $7.2 million (2 cents an acre, double size of Texas)- owned by Russians. Milk joke (get ice cream)

A

AlaskaWilliam SewardJohnson

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9
Q

Nicknames for Alaska

A

Seward’s Folly, Frigida, President Andrew Johnson’s Polar Bear Garden

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10
Q

What did the US get out of Alaska?

A

Lumber, coal, copper, oil, natural gas

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11
Q

Archipelago (many different islands) 2000 miles SW of San Francisco. Late 1700s- Missionaries. 1840: King Kamehameha III wrote constitution based on US constitution

A

Hawaii

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12
Q

Hawaii’s biggest export

A

Sugar

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13
Q

Raised tariff on sugar

A

McKinley Tariff of 1890

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14
Q

“Hawaii for Hawaiians”, protectorate of the US

A

Queen Liliukalani

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15
Q

Why did they want a revolution?

A

to dethrone Queen

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16
Q

What was under the protection of the US after the revolution and who was the new Revolutionary president?

A

HawaiiSanford B Dole

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17
Q

First time North and South America had come together. Talk about trade and how to keep Europe out. Nothing came out of it

A

Pan-American Conference (1889)

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18
Q

Civil War- “Yanquis” supported the President. Drunken sailors from the USS Baltimore leave a bar

A

Chilean Crisis (1891-1892)

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19
Q

Crisis: where’s the boundary b/w __ and __ __ __. President Cleveland sends Secretary of State __ __ to arbitrate. Said Monroe Doctrine applies to this, __ cheers this

A

Venezuela, British New GuineaRichard OlneyCaracas

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20
Q

Describe Results of Venezuela dispute

A

An independent arbitrator gave Britain most what it wanted but Europe and Latin America are on notice that the US is the most important nation in the Western Hemisphere

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21
Q

US seen as a protector of __ __ from Europe

A

South America

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22
Q

What is the nickname of the Spanish American War (1898)?

A

“A splendid little War”

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23
Q

“Ever faithful isle”

A

Cuba

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24
Q

Mainstay of Cuban economy is __ __. US puts heavy duties on __ and it hurts the economy

A

raw sugarsugar

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25
Q

Guerrilla warfare, block railroads

A

Cubans Rebellion

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26
Q

Poet. Toured US and when he returned to Cuba, he was killed in a few days

A

Jose Marti

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27
Q

Spain ruthlessly puts down the rebellion. Governor __ __ __ “The Butcher”. ___: 500000 farmers, no longer rebel

A

General Valeriano WeyerReconcentrados

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28
Q

Why did the governor target farmers?

A

1) Cut off food supply of rebels2) Everyone out of camps can be considered rebels3) Over 200,000 die

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29
Q

Why did the US gov’t send ship? What happened on 2/15/1898?

A

Investigate situation in CubaUSS Maine blows up

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30
Q

“Remember the Maine”. 266 out of __ men on board were killed. What caused the Maine to explode from US and Spain? What are the thoughts now?

A

350US: Spain did itSpain: Mechanical ErrorNow: Mechanical error

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31
Q

Newspapers that have sensational headlines and pictures

A

Yellow journalism

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32
Q

Competed against each other with yellow journalism. What are the names of their newspapers?

A

W R Hearst: New York JournalJ Pulitzer: New York World

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33
Q

One of his pictures entitled Spain to strip searches of American women. Sent by __ to get pics of the Cuban Rebellion

A

Frederic RemingtonHearst

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34
Q

Describe what Remington told Hearst, and Hearst’s response

A

R: said there’s no war and wants to go homeH: give me the pictures, I’ll make up the war

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35
Q

__ asks Congress for a declaration of war

A

McKinley

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36
Q

Congress adds the __. States US has no intention of taking Cuba for itself, wants to free the Cubans. War approved, America goes to war

A

Teller Amendment

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37
Q

First battle of Spanish American War

A

Battle of Manila Bay

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38
Q

Battle of Manila Bay:Spain owns ___. US fleet in Hong Kong under Commodore __ __. Commodore Assistant Secretary of Navy, __ __ tells Dewey to be ready for battle. 4/30/1898: enters at __. First thing in the morning, Dewey says to __ when ready. By noon, Spanish fleet is __ and not one __ soldier killed. Reinforces arrive in August and the city is __

A

PhilippinesGeorge DeweyTeddy RooseveltNightfiredestroyedUScaptured

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39
Q

Group of fighters. Led by TR. He quits and becomes colonel. Made up of cowboys, policemen, athletes, Harvard pals (bizarre mix)

A

Rough Riders

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40
Q

Describe the conditions the 17000 US troops that left Tampa dealt with

A

90 degree weather, wool uniforms, little food, poor sanitation

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41
Q

Lawton captures town, fort, and blockhouse in SE Cuba

A

El Caney

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42
Q

Rough Riders’s greatest victory. bloodiest and most famous. Cuba

A

San Juan Hill

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43
Q

US navy enters __ Harbor in Cuba. Every __ ship is lost. Only 1 __ casualty. July 16, 1898: __ surrendered

A

SantiagoSpanishUSSantiago

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44
Q

Few days after Santiago surrendered, US got __ __

A

Puerto Rico

45
Q

Ends war. States Spain gives up Cuba and the US gets Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. US pays __ to Spain

A

Treaty of Paris 1898$20 million

46
Q

1900: Established US would be in control of Puerto Rican governor, establishes a legislature where US picks upper house and PR picks lower house

A

Foraker Act

47
Q

In what year did the US grant citizenship for Puerto ricans?

48
Q

1952: US makes PR a __ __ __- choose and control internal matters, US controls international matters

A

self governing commonwealth

49
Q

Under protection of US and oversees you. What country?

A

ProtectorateCuba

50
Q

US must approve all treaties Cuba signs with other nations

A

Platt Amendment

51
Q

leased base for US from Platt Amendment

A

Guantanamo Bay

52
Q

Describe the 1901 Insular Cases

A

US constitution doesn’t apply to US territories (supposed to be temporary). American Samoa doesn’t get immediate citizenship

53
Q

1899: What territory does the US annex?

A

Philippines

54
Q

Revolution in Philippines: Doesn’t want Philippines to be part of the US. Starts a revolution, __ US died, __ philippinos died

A

Emilio Aguinaldo4,000200,000

55
Q

1901: new gov’t- US sent __ to be governor of Philippines and help create constitution and legislature

56
Q

1916: US put control of parts of gov’t in hands of ___

A

Phillipinnes

57
Q

When did the US give the Philippines back to the Philippinos?

A

July 4, 1946

58
Q

European powers had a say in the economic and gov’t aspects of China and control it. US is concerned that we’re not involved

A

Spheres of Influence

59
Q

400 million people and untapped resources would bring in a lot of money to __ __

A

European Nations

60
Q

All nations should be allowed to trade in China on equal terms

A

Open Door Policy

61
Q

Creates the Open Door Policy in 1899

A

Secretary of State John Hay

62
Q

What did Hay sell the Open Door Policy as? What actually did the US consider?

A

protection of Chineseown international interests

63
Q

Hay said the European nations __ the Open Door Policy (they didn’t) and China wasn’t __

A

acceptedconsulted

64
Q

What were Chinese nationalists called and what did they lead?

A

Boxers - “Righteous Harmonious Fists”Boxer Rebellion

65
Q

Describe the Boxer Rebellion of 1900

A

Foreigners were attacked. They were trapped in Peking. Western nations organize force of 20000 (US contributes 2500). Rescue foreigners and crush the boxers

66
Q

Describe Hay’s new Open Door Policy

A

Equal trade rights for all in China and guarantee Chinese Independence

67
Q

Describe the results of Hay’s new Open Door Policy

A

Europeans reject but Hay got what he wanted, the US can trade freely

68
Q

Three Anti-Imperialists

A

Emilio Aguinaldo, Mark Twain, Rudyard Kipling

69
Q

Three Pro-Imperialists

A

Albert Beveridge, Henry Cabot Lodge, Theodore Roosevelt

70
Q

Describe Aguinaldo’s Anti-imperialist views

A

complains about America in Philippines, Gov’t expects Philippines to surrender, people have to submit & do whatever the powerful gov’t wants, 2nd class citizens

71
Q

Describe Twain’s Anti-imperialist views

A

supported imperialism at first, once he saw what US did to Philippines he didn’t like how US wouldn’t help them, imperialism is hurting the world

72
Q

Describe Kipling’s Anti-imperialist views

A

Might as well mark the living and dead with roads and port (might bring death to the people that are there). We have to take care of the little brown people (White man’s burden)

73
Q

Describe Beveridge’s Pro-imperialist views

A

god put us on earth to take over world (manifest destiny), we can teach people how to be civilized, we understand democracy the best

74
Q

Describe Lodge’s Pro-imperialist views

A

Built Nicaragua canal, as one of the great nations US cannot fall out of line, modern time is towards consolidation (power of nations), build navy to protect America and focus on PanAm

75
Q

Describe Roosevelt’s Pro-imperialist views

A

build up power within own borders, fulfill duties and don’t escape responsibility, we must help Philippines and not be dictators, concerned about oceans

76
Q

What was TR’s Foreign Policy?

A

Expand US influence on the World Stage

77
Q

What did TR want to do in Panama?

A

Create Panama Canal and take over using force

78
Q

Describe the Roosevelt Corollary

A

Addition to Monroe Doctrine. We will be the debt collector and manage the debt. US will be the international police in the Western hemisphere (called Gunboat Diplomacy). US is the only one to interfere with Latin America, not the Europeans

79
Q

Describe Big Stick Diplomacy

A

African proverb: “walk softly and carry a big stick”. Negotiate with people peacefully and let them know we have a lot of strength behind us. Make sure they feel there’s a military strain behind us

80
Q

Describe the Russo-Japanese War

A

Arguing over China and who has control in the Pacific. Russia is losing badly and US doesn’t like that Japan is winning. TR invites Russians and Japanese to Portsmouth, New Hampshire. TR wants to maintain Chinese sovereignty and negotiate peace. He wins Nobel Peace Prize

81
Q

Describe the Great White Fleet

A

Took entire US navy fleet and sailed it all around the world (1907-1909). Showed military strength to the rest of the world

82
Q

Foreign policy directed toward expanding opportunities for corporate investment overseas

A

Dollar Diplomacy

83
Q

Where had Taft gained valuable foreign policy experience?

A

Colonial administration as first governor general of the Philippines

84
Q

Taft’s secretary of state

A

Philander Knox

85
Q

Taft believed you substitute __ for bullets. Modern diplomacy is __

A

dollarscommercial

86
Q

US wanted to buy a railroad in northern China (Manchuria). What 2 nations blocked it?

A

Japan and Russia

87
Q

Did Knox’s plan to purchase the Chinese Railroad succeed or collapse?

88
Q

Where did dollar diplomacy work better? What was sent in eventually to what nation?

A

CaribbeanTroops and guns, Nicaragua

89
Q

Describe Wilson’s idea of moral diplomacy

A

proposed in 1912 election, secretary of state William Jennings Bryan, based foreign policy on moral principles rather than selfish materialism, felt democracy was gaining strength around the world

90
Q

Describe “Cultivate the friendship and deserve the confidence of Latin America”

A

Just gov’t relies on the consent of the governed, Latin Americans happy to hear this, Wilson said you must be a democracy too so as not ti undermine the promise of self determination

91
Q

Wilson sign __ bilateral treaties which agreed to cooling off periods or outside fact finding commissions

92
Q

Wilson promised __ independence and __ __ granted citizenship

A

PhilippinesPuerto Rico

93
Q

Wilson starts revolutions in __ & __ __ caused Wilson to send in Marines to restore order but failed to create __ states

A

HaitiDominican RepublicDemocratic

94
Q

Us buys __ __ from their colonial power __ for $25 million

A

Virgin islands denmark

95
Q

been in revolution since 1899

96
Q

1913: mexico came under rule of General __ who imposed a bloody __ rule on the country

A

Huertaauthoritarian

97
Q

Most european powers just happy there is rule of __ but Wilson felt the gov’t didn’t reflect the wishes of the __

98
Q

Wilson’s stance encouraged __ __ __ in Northern Mexico, like __ __

A

Anti-Huerta forcesVenustiano Carranza

99
Q

Describe the Tampico Incident

A

US sailors are arrested for going into a prohibited area (April 1914). US moves in and occupies the port city. Weakens Huerta, starts civil war, maybe war with US

100
Q

wilson does/doesn’t want to start war with mexico

101
Q

Three ABC powers: mediate to find a peaceful solution, US navy __ its forces. Huerta cedes control to __. __ __ wants to provoke war

A

argentina, brazil, chilewithdrawsCarranzaPancho Villa

102
Q

wilson likes __ better, probably worst __ __ mistake

A

VillaForeign policy

103
Q

__ forces drive __ into the northern hills of Mexico

A

CarranzaVilla

104
Q

US decides to __ __ and recognize __ govt. __ is angry because US wouldn’t help. __ attacks train in Northern Mexico, kills 17 __ __

A

back offCarranzaVillaVIllaAmerican citizens

105
Q

__ invades US (New Mexico) on March 9, 1916, several americans killed

106
Q

Wilson responds by sending __ __. 7000 troops sent to Mexico to get __

A

John PershingVilla

107
Q

Doesn’t get __ but there’s a confrontation between Pershing and __ forces

A

VillaCarranza

108
Q

Men killed on each __, several Americans __, Wilson fears war so he __ US troops

A

sidecapturedwithdraws

US History II (28 decks)

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