chapter 17

Question 1

gene definition

Answer 1

codes for a certain trait

Question 2

alleles

Answer 2

the specific dominant or recessive variation coding for that specific trait

Question 3

what are the link between genotype and phenotype

Answer 3

proteins

Question 4

gene expression

Answer 4

the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of proteins

Question 5

what’s cricks proposal for how a gene turns into a protein

Answer 5

cells are governed by a molecular chain of command with a direction flow of genetic information

Question 6

what is the basic principle

Answer 6

DNA is transcribed to RNA and mRNA and then translated to protein

Question 7

why is RNA the bridge between DNA and protein synthesis in prokaryotic cells

Answer 7

not all cells have a nucleus

Question 8

transcription takes place where in eukaryotic cells

Answer 8

nucleus

Question 9

translation takes place where in eukaryotic cells

Answer 9

cytoplasm

Question 10

What is the major difference between DNA and RNA?

Answer 10

both the sugar and the bases

Question 11

what is the genetic code

Answer 11

4 DNA nucleotides that code for the amino acids

Question 12

what are the bases of RNA

Answer 12

A, U, G, C

Question 13

what sugar composes DNA

Answer 13

deoxyribose

Question 14

how many amino acids are there

Answer 14

20

Question 15

what are the bases of DNA

Answer 15

A, T, G, C

Question 16

what is the sugar of RNA

Answer 16

ribose

Question 17

logically, how many nucelotides are necessary for coding an amino acid

Answer 17

at least 3

Question 18

during transcription, the gene determines what

Answer 18

the sequence of bases along the length of the mRNA molecule

Question 19

template strand

Answer 19

strand of DNA uses to code (3’–>5’)

Question 20

codons

Answer 20

sequence of base triplets