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bio 112 > chapter 10 > Flashcards

chapter 10 Flashcards

photosynthesis

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the use of light energy drives the synthesis of what organic molecules

A

CO2

H2O

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2
Q

what organisms can conduct photosynthesis in aquatic environments

A

multi-cellular algae
unicellular algae
cyanobacteria

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3
Q

what are autotrophs

A

self feeders

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4
Q

what are heterotrophs

A

other feeders

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5
Q

what are autotrophic characteristics

A

“producers”
dont consume other living organisms
produce organic molecules
plants

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6
Q

photoautotrophs

A

use light as a source of energy to synthesize organic substances

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7
Q

what are heterotrophic characteristics

A

“consumers”
don’t make their own food
may eat plants or animals
dependent

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8
Q

photosynthesis converts light energy to

A

chemical energy of food

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9
Q

where are the enzymes that regulate photosynthesis located

A

membranes

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10
Q

where is photosynthesis said to be originated from

A

infolded regions of plasma membranes

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11
Q

stroma

A

dense fluid of the chloroplasts

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12
Q

granum

A

column of thylakoid sacs

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13
Q

what are thylakoids

A

sacs

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14
Q

what is a thylakoid space

A

space in between sacs

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15
Q

what parts on a plant are capable of photosynthesis

A

everything green

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16
Q

during photosynthesis, CO2 is reduced/oxidized to form glucose

A

reduced

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17
Q

what is mesophyll

A

tissue in the interior of the leaf

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18
Q

what is a vein

A

delivers water and minerals from soil

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19
Q

what enters and exists the stomata

A

enters: CO2
exists: O2

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20
Q

what is the ultimate product of photosynthesis

A

sugar

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21
Q

where does a plant get its color

A

green pigment- chlorophyll

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22
Q

where is chlorophyll located

A

thylakoid membrane in chloroplasts

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23
Q

each mesophyll cell contains about how many chloroplasts

A

30-40 ish

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24
Q

what is used to simplify the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration

A

glucose

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25
Q

what is a direct product of photosynthesis

A

3 carbon sugar

26
Q

when electrolytes move from water to sugar are they moving to a more or less electronegative partner?

A

less

27
Q

how do electrons distributed through photosynthesis

A

atoms constantly moving around because of molecular change

28
Q

how is oxygen involved in photosynthesis

A

it turns into a waste product released into the atmosphere

29
Q

how does the potential energy change as it moves from water to sugar

A

increase, requires energy, endergonic reaction

30
Q

what are the two stages of photosynthesis

A

light reactions

calvin cycle

31
Q

what occurs during light reactions

A

photo part- converts solar energy into chemical energy

32
Q

what is the calvin cycle

A

the synthesis part- incorporates CO2 into organic molecules which are converted

33
Q

photophosphorylation

A

light reaction that generates ATP

34
Q

what is electromagnetic energy

A

light energy, that travels

35
Q

what magnitude of energy drives photosynthesis

A

radiation

36
Q

photon

A

discrete particle of electronegativity

37
Q

photosynthetic pigments

A

light receptors that function to absorb light, different pigments absorb different wavelengths

38
Q

what color does chlorophyll absorb

A

violet blue and red light

39
Q

what color does chlorophyll reflect

A

green

40
Q

what colors of light are best for photosynthesis

A

violet blue and red

41
Q

how do accessory pigments contribute to photosynthesis

A

pigments absorb light at slightly different wavelengths and broaden the spectrum of colors that are useful for photosynthesis

42
Q

whats a closed system

A

excitation of isolated chlorophyll molecule

43
Q

when will a particular chlorophyll pigment only absorb a photon

A

when the energy is exactly equal to the difference between the ground state and the excited state

44
Q

how is energy released in a closed system

A

in the form of fluorescence and heat

45
Q

how is energy released in a open system

A

used to power reactions of photosynthesis

46
Q

what is an open system

A

excitation of chlorophyll

47
Q

a photosystem contains

A

reaction center

several light harvesting complexes

48
Q

what is the reaction center

A

protein complex that contains special chlorophyll a molecules

49
Q

what do several light harvesting complexes consist of

A

various pigment molecules bound to proteins

50
Q

what is photosystem 2

A

chlorophyll a absorbs light best at 680 nm

51
Q

what is photosystem 1

A

chlorophyll a absorbs light best at 700 nm

52
Q

what is reduced in a light reaction

A

water

53
Q

what is the energy source of cellular respiration

A

chemical energy in food

54
Q

what is the energy source of photosynthesis

A

light energy

55
Q

is ATP a final product of photosynthesis

A

false, everything created is used

56
Q

where are ATP and NADPH found in the chloroplasts after the light reactions

A

stroma

57
Q

light reactions uses solar energy to generate

A

atp and nadph

58
Q

light reaction produces ATP and NADPH and transported to be used for

A

reactants of carbohydrate synthesis by the calvin cycle

59
Q

where do light reactions take place

A

thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

60
Q

where does the calvin cycle take place

A

stroma

bio 112 (14 decks)

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