chapter 17 Flashcards
CRUDE OIL / PETROLEUM
- THICK LIQUID CONTAINING HYDROCARBONS, SULFUR, OXYGEN AND NITROGEN
- EXTRACTED FROM UNDERGROUND DEPOSITS ANS SEPARATED TO MAKE PRODUCTS SUCH AS GASOLINE, HEATING OIL AND ASPHALT.
REFINERY
- PLACE WHERE CRUDE OIL IS HEATED AND DISTILLED.
- REFINING OIL DECREASES ITS NET ENERGY YIELD
CONVENTIONAL OIL (LIGHT OIL)
- OIL THAT PROVIDES ABOUT A THIRD OG THE ENERGY USED TODAY
- USED TO HEAT HOMES,RUN MOTOR VEHICLES AND IS A COMPONENT IN SOME FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES
- PRODUCES AIR POLLUTION (-)
HEAVY CRUDE OIL
-REAMINING OIL DEPOSIT THAT IS TOO DIFFICULT OR EXPENSIVE TO RECOVER
PETROCHEMICALS
- PRODUCT OF OIL DISTILLATION
- USED IN MANUFACTURING PESTICIDES, PLASTICS, SYNTHETIC FIBERS, PAINTS, AND MEDICINES.
OIL SAND / TAR SAND
-MIXTURE OF CLAY, SAND, WATER AND BITUMEN (HEAVY OIL W HIGH SULFUR CONTENT)
SHALE OIL
- OIL SHALE: FINE GRAINED SEDIMENTARY ROCK THAT CONTAINS KEROGEN (MIXTURE OF COMBUSTIBLE HYDROCARBONS)*
- MADE BY HEATING OIL SHALE ROCK and increasing the rate if flow and remove sulfur, nitrogen and other impurities.
CONVENTIONAL NATURAL GAS
-LIES ABOVE CRUDE OIL RESERVOIRS
UNCONVENTIONAL NATURAL GAS
- FOUND IN METHANE HYDRATE AND OTHER UNCONVENTIONAL NATURAL GAS SPOTS
- VERY EXPENSIVE TO EXTRACT THE NATURAL GAS FROM THESE AREAS
LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS (LNG)
- NATURAL GAS AT A VERY LOW TEMPERATURE COULD BE CONVERTED INTO LNG.
- HIGHLY FLAMMABLE
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG)
-PROPANE AND BUTANE GASES ARE LIQUEFIED AND REMOVED AS LPG
LIGHT WATER REACTORS
-PRODUCE ABOUT 85% OF THE WORLD’S NUCLEAR GENERATED ELECTRICITY
URANIUM OXIDE FUEL
-97% UNRANUIM 238 AND 3% URANUIM 235 (FISSONABLE)
CONTROL RODS
- MADE OF NEUTRON-ABSORBING MATERIALS
- ABOSRB NEUTRONS IN ORDER TO REGULATE THE RATE OF FISSION AND THE AMT OF POWER THE REACTOR USES
HIGH LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTES
- GIVE OFF LARGE AMTS OF RADIATION FOR A SHORT TIME OR SMALL AMTS FOR A LONG TIME
EXMAPLES: FUEL RODS
