Chapter 16 Review Flashcards
Who was responsible for assassinating Abraham Lincoln?
John Wilkes Booth
John Wilkes Booth was a famous actor and Confederate sympathizer who shot Lincoln in April 1865.
What term describes an enslaved person who had been freed by the Civil War?
freedman
Freedmen were individuals who gained their freedom as a result of the Civil War and the Emancipation Proclamation.
What was the primary goal of the Freedmen’s Bureau?
To help with the needs of freedmen
The Freedmen’s Bureau provided emergency relief, education, and resolved disputes between blacks and whites.
What was Abraham Lincoln’s Reconstruction plan known as?
The Ten Percent Plan
The Ten Percent Plan allowed a state to form a new government once 10% of its voters pledged loyalty to the Union.
How did Lincoln’s Reconstruction plan differ from that of the Radical Republicans?
Lincoln’s plan was more lenient; he required only 10% loyalty, while Radical Republicans wanted at least 50%
This difference highlighted the contrasting approaches to reintegrating the Southern states.
Who became president after Lincoln was assassinated?
Andrew Johnson
Andrew Johnson was a Southern Democrat who took office following Lincoln’s death.
What did many expect from Andrew Johnson regarding Reconstruction?
A strict approach to Reconstruction
Given his background as a Southern Democrat, many thought he would align with the Radical Republicans.
Fill in the blank: The process of bringing the North and South together again is known as _______.
Reconstruction
Reconstruction aimed to rebuild the nation after the Civil War.
Why did the South face greater difficulties in recovering from the Civil War compared to the North?
The war was fought mainly in the South, destroying homes, cities, and livelihoods
The North remained largely untouched, making recovery easier for them.
What was the purpose of amnesty in the context of Reconstruction?
To provide a group pardon
Amnesty aimed to facilitate the reintegration of Southern states by forgiving those who had participated in the Confederacy.
What type of relief did the Freedmen’s Bureau provide?
Emergency relief
They assisted people displaced by the war, providing supplies and support for education.
True or False: The North’s economy was more severely impacted by the Civil War than the South’s.
False
The North’s economy was less affected due to the war primarily being fought in the South.
What was one of the urgent needs of the people of Richmond, Virginia after the Civil War?
Rebuilding buildings and houses
The destruction caused by the war left many homes and structures in ruins, making reconstruction essential.
What was the second most urgent need for the people of Richmond?
Rebuilding the economy
A stable economy was crucial for accessibility to goods and the overall recovery of the community.
What did the Thirteenth Amendment accomplish?
Abolished slavery throughout the nation and banned forced labor
It also gave Congress the power to make laws and enforce its terms.
When was the Thirteenth Amendment ratified?
December 6, 1865
What is a major provision of the Fourteenth Amendment?
Granted citizenship to formerly enslaved people
It also protected the liberties of existing citizens of the United States
When was the Fourteenth Amendment ratified?
July 9, 1868
What does the Fifteenth Amendment provide?
Grants the right to vote for all male citizens, regardless of ethnicity or former slave status
When was the Fifteenth Amendment ratified?
February 3, 1870
Fill in the blank: The Thirteenth Amendment banned both slavery and _______.
forced labor
What are black codes?
Laws used by southern states to control African Americans
Black codes restricted the rights and freedoms of African Americans after the Civil War.
What term describes southern whites who opposed secession and supported the Republican party?
Scalawag
Scalawags were often seen as traitors by other southerners.
What term describes northern whites who went south to start businesses or pursue political office?
Carpetbagger
Carpetbaggers were often perceived as opportunists by southern locals.
What does impeachment refer to?
The bringing of formal charges against a public official
Impeachment is a political process, not a criminal one.
Who was Hiram Revels?
He was one of the first African Americans elected to the US Senate
Revels served in the Senate from Mississippi.
Who was Blanche Bruce?
He was one of the first African Americans elected to the US Senate
Bruce served in the Senate from Mississippi and was notable for his leadership.
How did Congress respond to President Johnson’s plan for Reconstruction?
They strongly opposed (rejected) it because they saw it as too lenient toward the former Confederate states
Congress felt Johnson’s plan allowed Southern states to rejoin the Union too easily.
How did some southerners respond to being shut out of power during Reconstruction?
Some southerners resorted to violence and created secret societies to terrorize African Americans and their white allies
The Ku Klux Klan was the most notable of these societies.
Who was Homer Plessy?
His arrest led to an infamous Supreme Court case which established the ‘separate but equal’ rule
In 1892, Homer Plessy, seven-eighths white, seated himself in the whites-only car and was arrested. He argued that Lousiana’s laws violated his Constitutional rights.
